Sonamukhi
Sonamukhi, 1908
This article has been extracted from THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA , 1908. OXFORD, AT THE CLARENDON PRESS. |
Note: National, provincial and district boundaries have changed considerably since 1908. Typically, old states, ‘divisions’ and districts have been broken into smaller units, and many tahsils upgraded to districts. Some units have since been renamed. Therefore, this article is being posted mainly for its historical value.
Town in the Bishnupur subdivision of Bankura District, Bengal, situated in 23° 19' N. and 87° 36' E. Population (1901), 13,448. Sonamukhi was formerly the site of a commercial residency and of an important factory of the East India Company, where weavers were employed in cotton-spinning and cloth-making. It is now the local centre of the shellac industry. It lies on the road between Bishnupur and Panagarh station on the East Indian Railway. It was constituted a municipality in i886. The income during the decade ending 1901-2 averaged Rs. 5,300, and the expenditure Rs. 5,200. In 1903-4 the income was Rs. 6,000, mainly derived from a tax on persons (or property tax) ; and the expenditure was Rs. 5,000.
2021
Afghan turbans
Falguni Banerjee & Tamaghna Banerjee, August 22, 2021: The Times of India
A cluster of families in Sonamukhi — a Bengal town some 3,000km from Kabul — are watching the events unfolding in Afghanistan with more than the normal degree of interest. For more than half a century, these families in Bankura district have had a thriving trade relation with Afghanistan, supplying highquality silk turbans, or saafa, to Kabuliwallahs. With trade between India and Afghanistan coming to a halt following the Taliban takeover, the turban weavers and sellers are staring at a loss in business and some have already started shifting to stocking and weaving the indigenous but intricate Baluchari saris.
“We have been in this business for three generations. Till last year, I had an annual turnover of Rs 1 crore just from selling these turbans but the trade has come to a sudden stop now,” said Shyamapada Dutta, 49, who runs a loom at Sonamukhi and has a shop at Rabindra Sarani in Kolkata.
Sonamukhi’s ties with Afghans dates back to the 1960s when some Kabuliwallahs while travelling across Bengal with their spices and dry fruits were drawn to the village known for its rich silk weaves. “They gave the first orders for silk turbans and liked the products so much that they kept coming back for more, and that is how the trade began,” said Asit Baran Shoo, another weaver. He added that even in the 1990s around 500 families in the village were engaged in the turban trade but the number has now dwindled to around 50 owing to digital printing and a large section of new-age Afghans discarding turbans. The turbans are priced between Rs 350 and Rs 3,500 depending on the quality of silk used.
City-based Afghans like Md Rasul and Akhdat Khan told TOI they had time and again bought turbans from the Rabindra Sarani store as well as from Sonamukhi either for personal use or for export. “But the situation looks grim now. We have no idea when things will get better,” said Rasul, who has been in Kolkata for the last 40 years and deals in garments.
(Inputs from Sudipto Das)
