Human Development Index: South Asia - Revision history

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2022 */

2025-05-22T18:46:48Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2022

Pdewan at 09:24, 7 May 2025

2025-05-07T09:24:41Z

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2021 */

2024-03-24T19:49:03Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2021

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2019 */

2022-09-14T11:43:50Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2019

Jyoti: /* 2019 */

2021-07-30T21:49:13Z

‎2019

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2019 */

2021-07-30T21:48:27Z

‎ South Asian countries in HDR 2019

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2017 */

2021-07-30T21:48:11Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2017

Jyoti at 07:09, 18 December 2020

2020-12-18T07:09:41Z

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2017 */

2018-09-27T20:04:13Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2017

Jyoti: /* South Asian countries in HDR 2014 */

2018-09-27T19:49:29Z

‎South Asian countries in HDR 2014

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  India’s loss in HDI due to inequality was measured at 31.1%. South Asia’s loss in HDI due to inequality was among the highest in the world (after sub-Saharan Africa), followed by the Pacific. Nepal at 146 and Bhutan at 125 share space with India in ‘medium human development’ category. Pakistan (164) and Afghanistan (182) figure in low human development category. China at 75 and Sri Lanka at 78 figure in the ‘high human development’ category.
-[[Category:Afghanistan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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+[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=07_05_2025_001_024_cap_TOI Ambika Pandit, May 7, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
-[[Category:Bangladesh|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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+New Delhi: India moved up three places to be ranked 130th among 193 countries in the Human Development Index rankings for 2023 due to progress made in improving life expectancy through health sector initiatives, and sustained improvements in key dimensions of human development, particularly in mean years of schooling and national income per capita.
-[[Category:Bhutan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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+ While noting that India’s progress continues amid global challenges, the 2025 report underscored a broader global slowdown in human development to an unprecedented 35year low, and India is no exception. “Had pre-2020 trends continued, the world would be on track to reach very high human development by 2030, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal timelines,” the report highlighted.
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-[[Category:Government|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
+''' Income and gender disparities in India still significant, says UNDP '''
-HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA]]
-[[Category:India|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
+Achieving this goal now risks getting delayed by decades, UNDP said. “Inequality between low and very high HDI countries has increased for a fourth consecutive year, reversing long-standing progress,” it added.
-HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA]]
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+ UNDP, however, signalled astrong post-pandemic recovery on life expectancy in India, which touched the highest of 72 years in 2023, compared with 58.6 years in 1990.
-HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA]]
+The increase in life expectancy, which rose to 71.7 years in 2022, is among the biggest contributors to India’s improved overall ranking. UNDP also highlighted that national health programmes by successive govts have contributed significantly to improved life expectancy over the years.
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+ With an HDI value of 0.685, while India remains in the “medium human development category” it is moving closer to the threshold for high human development, which calls for a value of more than 0.7. UNDP said that India’s HDI value has increased by over 53% since 1990, growing faster than both the global and South Asian averages. “This progress has been fuelled by economic growth and targeted social protection and welfare programmes,” UNDP said.
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+ It also factored in improvement in income levels in India. “Over the years, India’s progress on economic growth and investments in programmes like MGNREGA, Jan Dhan Yojana, and digital inclusion have contributed to poverty reduction. Importantly, 135 million Indians escaped multidimensional poverty between 2015-16 and 2019-21,” it said.
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+At the same time, the report also highlighted that inequality reduces India’s HDI by 30.7%, one of the highest losses in South Asia region.
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+While health and education inequality have reduced, income and gender disparities remained significant. Female labour force participation and political representation lag, though recent steps — such as the constitutional amendment reserving one-third of legislative seats for women — offer promise for transformative change, the report said.
-[[Category:Afghanistan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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+[[Category:Pakistan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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+[[Category:Sri Lanka|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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 =Sources of this article=
 i)	[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-report-en-1.pdf HDR.UNDP]
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 UNDP Resident Representative in India, Shoko Noda however, draws attention to the fact that compared to 2019, the impact of inequality on human development is lower. UNDP’s analysis shows that India is bridging the human development gap between men and women faster than the world.
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-[[Category:India|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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-[[Category:Maldives|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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-[[Category:Myanmar|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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-[[Category:Pakistan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIAHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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 Over the last couple of years, the improvement has been even slower, by 0.3% in 2018 and 0.5% in 2019. While improvements in scores are likely to slow down as the scores increase, India is hardly at a level where that should be happening, still being classified in the “medium human development category”. Norway continues to be at the top of the HDI rankings with Ireland, Switzerland, Hong Kong and Iceland rounding off the top 5. Germany, Sweden, Australia, the Netherlands and Denmark are the others in the top 10, an illustration of the extent to which Western Europe dominates the top of the list.
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-[[Category:Bhutan|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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 == India ranks 129, up one spot==
 [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F12%2F10&entity=Ar01706&sk=E3CF93FC&mode=text Ambika Pandit, Dec 10, 2019 ''Times of India'']
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← Older revision		Revision as of 21:48, 30 July 2021
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	India went up one notch in the UN Human Development Index, ranking 130 out of 189 countries surveyed. But if you compare where India stands now with where we were in 1990, we have made massive progress. While Indians had a life expectancy of only 57.9 years in 1990, this has gone up to 68.8 years. Similarly, we are all a lot better off, with a per capita income of $6,353 (in PPP) in 2017 compared with only $1,733 in 1990. That’s a 267% growth		India went up one notch in the UN Human Development Index, ranking 130 out of 189 countries surveyed. But if you compare where India stands now with where we were in 1990, we have made massive progress. While Indians had a life expectancy of only 57.9 years in 1990, this has gone up to 68.8 years. Similarly, we are all a lot better off, with a per capita income of $6,353 (in PPP) in 2017 compared with only $1,733 in 1990. That’s a 267% growth

		+
		+	=2019=
		+	== India ranks 129, up one spot==
		+	[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F12%2F10&entity=Ar01706&sk=E3CF93FC&mode=text Ambika Pandit, Dec 10, 2019 ''Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	India finds itself ranked 129 out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index brought out by the UNDP as part of its Human Development Report 2019. While this is incremental improvement of one point from previous year’s rank of 130, India’s HDI from 1990 to 2018 shows a rise of 50% (0.431 to 0.647) with life expectancy at birth increasing by 11.6 years and Gross National Income per capita increasing by over 262% in this 28 year period. In terms of education, mean years of schooling increased by 3.5 years and expected years of schooling increased by 4.7% in the same period.
		+
		+	The overall HDI value places India above the average (0.634) for countries in the medium human development group and also above the average ( 0.642) for other south Asian countries. HDI has been calculated by assessing long-term progress on three dimensions of human development — a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living.
		+
		+	However, the challenges are evident in the numbers. While highlighting that India has lifted 271 million out of poverty from 2005-06 to 2015-16, the Human Development Report also draws attention to the fact that 28% of the 1.3 billion multidimensional poor are in India.
		+
		+	Meanwhile, India’s improved HDI is attributed to “nearly three decades of rapid development, which has seen a dramatic reduction in absolute poverty, along with gains in life expectancy, education, and access to health care.” “India’s development initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana and Ayushman Bharat are crucial in ensuring that we meet our promise to leave no one behind,” said Shoko Noda, UNDP India Resident Representative.
		+
		+	The report also focuses attention on the next generation of inequalities opening up, particularly around technology and the climate crisis.
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		+	[[Category:Afghanistan\|HHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: SOUTH ASIA
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	= South Asian countries in HDR 2019=		= South Asian countries in HDR 2019=

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-[[Category:India|H]]
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-[[Category:Development|H ]]
-[[Category: Afghanistan|H]]
-[[Category: Bangladesh |H]]
-[[Category: Bhutan |H]]
-[[Category: Maldives |H]]
-[[Category: Myanmar |H]]
-[[Category: Pakistan |H]]
-[[Category: Sri Lanka |H]]
 =Sources of this article=
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 India went up one notch in the UN Human Development Index, ranking 130 out of 189 countries surveyed. But if you compare where India stands now with where we were in 1990, we have made massive progress. While Indians had a life expectancy of only 57.9 years in 1990, this has gone up to 68.8 years. Similarly, we are all a lot better off, with a per capita income of $6,353 (in PPP) in 2017 compared with only $1,733 in 1990. That’s a 267% growth

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	''Human Development in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan in 2017 <br/> Life expectancy, school education, per capita income, and the Human Development Index <br/> Income (in)equality <br/> Women: Maternal mortality, seats in parliament, girls’ education''		''Human Development in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan in 2017 <br/> Life expectancy, school education, per capita income, and the Human Development Index <br/> Income (in)equality <br/> Women: Maternal mortality, seats in parliament, girls’ education''
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		+	India went up one notch in the UN Human Development Index, ranking 130 out of 189 countries surveyed. But if you compare where India stands now with where we were in 1990, we have made massive progress. While Indians had a life expectancy of only 57.9 years in 1990, this has gone up to 68.8 years. Similarly, we are all a lot better off, with a per capita income of $6,353 (in PPP) in 2017 compared with only $1,733 in 1990. That’s a 267% growth

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 Citing recent estimates of giving universal basic old age and disability pension, basic childcare benefits universal healthcare, social assistance and 100-day employment guarantee, the report says India would need to spend just about 4% of its GDP to provide all this.
 == Life expectancy==
 India's life expectancy has increased from 58.5 years in 1990 to 66.4 years in 2013. While this is a significant increase, both Pakistan and Bangladesh have slightly better life expectancy. Among the BRICS countries, only South Africa has a lower expectancy at 56.9 years, primarily due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. China's life expectancy is 75.3 years. The average for the whole world is 70.8 years, while among the developed countries with very high human development levels, it is 80.2 years.
 == Educational indicators==
 On educational indicators, India performs slightly better with 11.7 expected years of schooling, the same as the average for medium human development countries, of which India is a part. This is a measure of how many years of schooling a child is expected to receive if prevailing enrollment patterns continue. The world average is 12.2 years, while the developed countries average 16.3 years. Among the BRICS countries, India's average is the least. Currently, Indians of 25 years or more have received just 4.4 years of schooling on average, compared to a global average of 7.7 years.
 == Income==
 It is on the income measure that India fails dramatically. The annual income per person (measured in purchasing power parity terms) for India is $5,150, slightly more than our neighbors, but lowest among the BRICS countries, and less than half the global average of $13,723. The developed countries' average is way ahead at $40,046.
 == Inequality==
 To take into account inequality within a country, HDI 2014 also gives an 'inequality adjusted HDI' (IHDI) for 145 countries for which data was available. India lost about 29% in human development because of inequality. This loss was the most, about 42%, in education. Brazil too has a high loss of 26% due to inequality while Russia loses about 12%. China and South Africa did not have the requisite data for this. The world average for inequality loss is 23%.
 == Multi-dimensional poverty index (MPI)==
 Another measure is the multi-dimensional poverty index (MPI), which measures deprivations of families in education, health and standard of living using ten indicators. This gives a better picture of poverty than simply measuring incomes. According to this measure, over 55% of India's population is multi-dimensionally poor, compared to just 3% in Brazil, 6% in China and about 10% in South Africa. HDR 2014, however, has used 2005-06 data for India, which is quite outdated.
 == Gender inequality==
 Another measure is the gender inequality index (GII), which reflects inequalities in reproductive health, empowerment and economic activity. India is ranked 127 out of 152 countries in this, the same as Pakistan and lower than Bangladesh (115). Among the BRICS countries, India is the lowest. China is ranked best at 37, due to its very good women's health indicators and high female work participation (64%)