http://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Information_Technology%2C_India%3A_IInformation Technology, India: I - Revision history2026-07-08T20:42:06ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.19.2http://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=139179&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Data literacy */2026-03-28T18:07:00Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Data literacy</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' Data literacy in India, Germany, Japan, the UK, the USA and other countries, presumably as in 2019. ''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' Data literacy in India, Germany, Japan, the UK, the USA and other countries, presumably as in 2019. ''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources|IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=Data usage=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==In rural areas==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===2025===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[File: 2025- The Indian states with the highest average wireless data usage in the rural areas.jpg| 2025: The Indian states with the highest average wireless data usage in the rural areas <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=26_02_2026_007_006_cap_TOI  February 26, 2026: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''See graphic''':</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'' 2025: The Indian states with the highest average wireless data usage in the rural areas ''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=132275&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Financial services */2024-07-22T19:25:09Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Financial services</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= Financial services =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=Financial services =  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Banks’ in-house staff replaces outsourcing, hurts Indian IT/ 2018==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==Banks’ in-house staff replaces outsourcing, hurts Indian IT/ 2018==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F08%2F15&entity=Ar03311&sk=3160A278&mode=text  Shilpa Phadnis, Avik Das & Sujit John, New enemy of outsourcing: DIY by banks, August 15, 2018: ''The Times of India'']</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F08%2F15&entity=Ar03311&sk=3160A278&mode=text  Shilpa Phadnis, Avik Das & Sujit John, New enemy of outsourcing: DIY by banks, August 15, 2018: ''The Times of India'']</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Doshi expects the number of deal signings (volume) to continue to go up in 2019, but said that the size of deals (average total contract value) is on the decline. Many of the digital deals are smaller, though some are also coming as part of larger infrastructure deals. Peter Bendor-Samuel of Everest Group said clients are also demanding 30-50% reduction in pricing for older contracts, when they come for renewal, given that there has been significant efficiency gains through adoption of automation and other means over the past few years. Indian providers are generally well placed to offer such pricing.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Doshi expects the number of deal signings (volume) to continue to go up in 2019, but said that the size of deals (average total contract value) is on the decline. Many of the digital deals are smaller, though some are also coming as part of larger infrastructure deals. Peter Bendor-Samuel of Everest Group said clients are also demanding 30-50% reduction in pricing for older contracts, when they come for renewal, given that there has been significant efficiency gains through adoption of automation and other means over the past few years. Indian providers are generally well placed to offer such pricing.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Hiring, training=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==2023, 2024==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=12_07_2024_021_020_cap_TOI Veena Mani, July 12, 2024: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Upskilling in India’s IT majors, 2023, 2024.jpg|Upskilling in India’s IT majors, 2023, 2024 <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=12_07_2024_021_020_cap_TOI Veena Mani, July 12, 2024: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bengaluru : At a time when companies are focusing on upskilling their workforce, Indian IT firms like Infosys, Wipro and Tech Mahindra have experienced a drop in the average training hours per employee for FY24 compared to the year-ago period.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> While Infosys’ average training hours per employee fell from 130 in FY23 to 74.6 in FY24, Tech Mahindra saw average hours decline from 56 to 49 over the same time. Wipro’s total training hours also fell to 12.9 million in FY24 from 16 million in the year-ago period. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Industry analysts attribute this reduction in learning hours to a reduced intake of freshers and a shift towards just-in-time hiring. Due to sluggish demand and clients pulling back on discretionary spending, Indian IT firms are gradually onboarding freshers who were offered letters in the last fiscal and have made only modest additions to their headcount.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> Freshers typically undergo extensive training when they join any IT firm, and when calculating training hours, companies consider both online and offline modules completed by employees. For instance, TCS — which hired 40,000 fresh graduates — more than doubled its training hours to 87 hours per employee in FY24, up from 40 in the year ago period. An email sent to TCS, Infosys, Wipro and HCL didn’t elicit a response till the time of going to press as they are in a quiet period.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> Even during 2021, which was marred by a pandemic-related sharp decline in growth, the Indian tech sector added 1.3 lakh employees, taking the total base to 4.4 million. The net addition of 60,000 comes nowhere close to the hiring frenzy in FY22, when 4.5 lakh freshers were onboarded by employers — the highest addition in a single year. However, only two years later in FY24, the combined headcount of Infosys, Wipro, and TCS dropped by nearly 64,000. Richard Lobo, chief people officer at Tech Mahindra, said that this decline is temporary and that the company expects an increase in employee upskilling as it focuses on cost optimisation.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> “Overall training hours are down as project loads are light and staff levels remain tight. This has led to a focus on billable hours and revenue in the short run, versus training in the long run,” said Ray Wang, founder of IT advisory Constellation Research. Wang said that TCS is the only company focusing on a longterm strategy rather than pursuing short-term benefits.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:S&T|IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=International Olympiad of Informatics=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=International Olympiad of Informatics=</div></td></tr>
</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=128987&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Financial services */2023-11-30T21:30:57Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Financial services</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Doshi expects the number of deal signings (volume) to continue to go up in 2019, but said that the size of deals (average total contract value) is on the decline. Many of the digital deals are smaller, though some are also coming as part of larger infrastructure deals. Peter Bendor-Samuel of Everest Group said clients are also demanding 30-50% reduction in pricing for older contracts, when they come for renewal, given that there has been significant efficiency gains through adoption of automation and other means over the past few years. Indian providers are generally well placed to offer such pricing.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Doshi expects the number of deal signings (volume) to continue to go up in 2019, but said that the size of deals (average total contract value) is on the decline. Many of the digital deals are smaller, though some are also coming as part of larger infrastructure deals. Peter Bendor-Samuel of Everest Group said clients are also demanding 30-50% reduction in pricing for older contracts, when they come for renewal, given that there has been significant efficiency gains through adoption of automation and other means over the past few years. Indian providers are generally well placed to offer such pricing.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=International Olympiad of Informatics=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==2023==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/meet-the-fab-four-that-won-the-informatics-olympiad/articleshow/104332810.cms  Sindhu Hariharan, Oct 11, 2023: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: India at the IOI, 2002 – 2022.jpg| India at the IOI, 2002 – 2022 <br/> From: [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/meet-the-fab-four-that-won-the-informatics-olympiad/articleshow/104332810.cms  Sindhu Hariharan, Oct 11, 2023: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In late August, when all eyes were on India’s chess prodigy R Praggnanandhaa, not many noticed four youngsters – Kshitij Sodani, Sushil Rajaa, Shreyan Ray and Paras Kasmalkar – making India proud on another global arena.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">They were medal winners at the 2023 International Olympiad of Informatics (IOI), a global test of algorithmic and programming skills for high school students, held in Hungary this year.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">India won only its second gold medal ever, after a nine-year gap, this year, and also bagged two silver medals and one bronze making it the country’s best ever performance at IOI in a year when the challenge was also said to be the toughest. Kshitij won gold, Paras and Shreyan won silver, and Sushil won bronze.“While India has been generally doing well in IOI, a gold medal is rare,” says Madhavan Mukund, director of Chennai Mathematical Institute, who is also the national coordinator of the Indian Computing Olympiad (ICO) that selects the team of four to represent India at the IOI. “Worldwide, companies like Google and Facebook actively seek out winners of competitive programming contests, both at school and college level,” he adds. The majority of IOI members and winners from India have ended up in big tech majors, and reached there after a Bachelor’s or Master’s in computer science. “Some of the problem solvers have subsequently gone on to launch their own startups, while a small number has remained in academia,” adds Mukund.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Having cracked a challenge that is regarded to be tougher than the JEEs, the winners of the Olympiad have large ambitions. They have their eyes set on international under-graduation – some by choice and some because global universities offer scholarships for their victory but IITs do not.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">17-year old Kshitij, the youngest gold medallist in IOI history, wants to delve deeper into computer science and mathematics. A 12th standard student of Disha Delphi Public School, Kota, Kshitij is applying to international universities. “I want to make a significant impact in the tech sector and am also interested in research,” he says.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Silver medal winner Paras, who studied at The Orchid School, Pune, and who is now at University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, has not yet chalked out his professional journey, but is leaning towards a PhD. He loves theoretical computer science.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For Shreyan, the other silver medallist, this was the first time in any such setting, and he was in awe of the global challengers he met. Shreyan graduated from La Marti niere for Boys, Kolkata, earlier this year, and is now in IIT Kharagpur doing the mathematics and computing course. He says his school introduced him to the world of competitive programming through inter-school competitions.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For Sushil, 17, it was an event with many firsts. “It was my first time at the IOI, it was my first time going abroad, and the first time I met the brightest people in informatics from different countries. I made friends with many of them,” he says. He is in the 12th grade at Budding Minds International School in Chennai. He dreams of going to IIT, but rues that his Olympiad victory may not make it any easier. “It’s a pity medallists aren’t recognised by the IITs; IIT-Gandhinagar is the only IIT that recognises IOI. I may be forced to look at universities abroad,” he says.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">All the winners said they received support from their parents to spend time training for the Olympiad – a time that parents often insist be spent on JEE classes or school exams. While India’s high schools are filled with exceptionally talented STEM students, not all crack the Olympiad. What’s the secret sauce, I ask CMI’s Mukund.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">“Students who study programming in school generally study only the syntax of the language. There is no focus on algorithmic problem solving. So, students have to rely on self-learning to prepare for it,” he says. Not surprisingly, the winners had spent hours honing their problem-solving skills on online platforms like Codeforces, Codechef and Atcoder, and also by looking at the archives of previous Olympiads.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Their advice to those aspiring to ace this Olympiad – practise consistently, stay motivated, get creative in solving problems, and also enjoy solving them.</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=127341&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Point of sales terminals */2023-08-15T19:38:17Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Point of sales terminals</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' Point of sales terminals in use in India, as in 2019. ''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' Point of sales terminals in use in India, as in 2019. ''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=Policy: India’s IT policy=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==N Vittal==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/article-share?article=11_08_2023_023_001_cap_TOI  N Dayasindhu, August 11, 2023: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Many of us IT professionals work in offices that are part of a SEZ (special economic zone). We pass by signs that mention SEZ, hardly ever noticing them. SEZ is a successor to the STPI (Software Technology Parks of India) policy introduced in 1991 by the department of electronics, and played a pivotal role in the growth of Indian IT.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> The STPI policy provided a singlewindow approval to IT services exporters, shielding them from other government departments. There were no restrictions on the geographical location of a software technology park. Companies could easily set up offices in locations where talent was available, and expand into multiple offices. The STPI policy allowed duty-free import of equipment like computers. The software technology park was an import tariff-free area. A very attractive tax holiday was provided to IT services exports. The policy provided exemption from domestic levies on capital goods acquired in India, and gave permission to IT services export companies to sell up to 25% of software exported in the Indian market. The policy allowed 100% foreign equity participation in IT services export companies. Capital invested, royalty, dividends, etc, were allowed for repatriation after the payment of requisite taxes. These concessions catapulted both Indian IT services companies and the IT subsidiaries of multinational companies on a high growth trajectory.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> N Vittal, the secretary of the department of electronics at that time, was the architect of the STPI policy. His successful tenure as commissioner of the Kandla Free Trade Zone in Gujarat in the mid-1970s made him aware of how overcoming the scrutiny of multiple government departments in that era was required for export-oriented companies to grow. He was among the few bureaucrats who intuitively understood the immense potential of an export oriented IT services industry to India, and diligently worked to remove the obstacles facing this industry.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Vittal was also a central figure in the negotiations between a fledgling Nasscom and department of electronics – an exemplar of how India’s potential was unshackled when policy and industry worked with each other. Harish Mehta, one of the founders of Nasscom, recalled that Vittal asked them for a list of impediments faced by the Indian IT services industry. Nasscom came back with a list of about 300 policies and processes which were impediments. Vittal patiently listened to them and asked them to prune the list to focus on the important ones that he could present in a meeting of the committee of secretaries. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> In this meeting, Bimal Jalan, the then finance secretary, told Vittal that the IT services exports that financial year was about $100 million. He asked Vittal that if he accepted all the demands of the industry, what would be the quantum of exports that the IT services industry could guarantee for the next financial year. Vittal indicated $300 million, and Jalan wanted the target to be $500 million. They mutually agreed on $400 million.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Armed with this agreement, Vittal attended Nasscom’s annual event. Narayana Murthy recalled that there was a stunned silence in the room when Vittal announced the $400 million export target. Realising the sombre mood among the leaders of the Indian IT services Industry, Vittal, an excellent orator, regaled them with a Birbal-Akbar story to motivate them and lighten the mood. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Due to some annoying circumstances, Akbar decided to end Birbal’s life. But Akbar agreed to hold off for a year because Birbal claimed he would make the king’s horse fly. When asked why he agreed to such an incredulous challenge, Birbal explained that one of three things could happen in a year. The king could die, or Birbal could die, or the horse could fly. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Many years later, Vittal said the horse – the Indian IT services industry – indeed flew and flew high! </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Next time we walk by a board that mentions the SEZ affiliation of our office, let us spend a few seconds to thank N Vittal for placing India on the centerstage of the global IT industry. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> N Dayasindhu is a cofounder of itihaasa Research and Digital</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=127280&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Sources of revenue */2023-08-08T19:21:43Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Sources of revenue</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“They are at this point making sure to incorporate new digital technologies to get new applications. A good example could be engine health monitoring systems — sensors are placed to provide the ability to crunch data to understand the behaviour of the engine during a flight.”</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“They are at this point making sure to incorporate new digital technologies to get new applications. A good example could be engine health monitoring systems — sensors are placed to provide the ability to crunch data to understand the behaviour of the engine during a flight.”</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources|IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=Start ups=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==History: 1970s, 1980s==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/article-share?article=28_07_2023_025_005_cap_TOI N Dayasindhu, July 28, 2023: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">We identified some of the pioneering startups like Softek, NIIT, Tally, and Cyber Media founded in the 1970s and 1980s in an earlier column. Today, we look at a few more pioneering startups – Mastek (productised solutions), TVS Electronics (peripherals), Microland (distributor for IT products), and IIS (IT services).</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Mastek had its origins in the early 1980s in the dorms of IIM Ahmedabad where their founders Ashank Desai, R Sundar, and Ketan Mehta studied. Mastek initially focused on the domestic market. They developed an ERP solution called MAMIS in the mid-1980s. Even when they got into IT services exports, they were a productised solutions company at heart. Mastek was probably the first Indian IT company to list on the stock market, in 1992. Mastek incubated Majesco, an insurance software product company. In 2015, Majesco was probably the first Indian enterprise software product company to list on the New York Stock Exchange.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In the mid-1980s, Gopal Srinivasan, a scion of the TVS Group, started TVS Electronics to manufacture dot matrix printers. Gopal’s motivation was based on the premise that the PC and digital revolution was unravelling in India, and the demand for peripherals like printers and keyboards would increase in tandem. TVS Electronics continues to make peripherals and point of sale products, and are known for their rugged peripherals that are workhorses in the hot and dusty environment in India. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pradeep Kar started Microland in the late 1980s. Microland made bets on emerging technologies like computer networking and the internet for the Indian market. It was known for its go-getter spirit. The leadership team cold-called the head of the education business at Novell when he was on an India visit, and became among the first in India to start certification training in computer networking. They also incubated Indya. com, an early Indian internet portal, and Planetasia, a services com- pany focused on the internet. Microland is now a leading IT infrastructure management company. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Saurabh Srivastava founded IIS Infotech in the late 1980s as a software services company focus- ing on the UK market, which was harder to crack for an Indian startup. IIS Infotech was among the first Indian IT services companies to focus on their quality processes when they obtained their ISO 900127 / TickIT28 certification. The quality wave caught on, and by the turn of the century, Indian IT companies and GCCs were leading the world with the highest global standard Software Engineering Institute Capability Maturity Model (SEICMM) certifications. IIS Infotech was later acquired. Some may wonder why these Indian IT startups from the 1970s and 1980s are such a big deal. We forget the huge difference in the macroeconomic context between then and now. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">India in that preliberalised era was defined by ‘licence raj’, scarcity of foreign exchange, and import restrictions. Indian trade unions worried about job losses from computerisation. The number of IT professionals was in the thousands, and almost all preferred to work in large private or public sector companies. There were no angels and venture capitalists. Banks would not lend without collateral. The seed funding for startups came from the savings of entrepreneurs, their family, and friends. There was no startup ecosystem to nurture IT startups. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">N Dayasindhu is co-founder of itihaasa Research and Digital </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The chutzpah, grit, and determination of our entrepreneurs working in a very difficult macroeconomic context in the 1970s and 1980s is an integral part of the history of Indian IT. KV Ramani of FutureSoft had to station himself in New Delhi to align the commerce and finance ministries, to allow him to import telecom test equipment at zero percent customs duty that they were eligible for as per policy. NIIT had to procure their first colour TV and VCR from diplomatic staff who were having a garage sale since they were relocating from India. Microland struck a partnership deal with Netscape in a car park.</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=120070&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Technology hubs */2022-08-16T19:04:24Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Technology hubs</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' i) 2012-17: There were 3 Indian cities among the world’s Top 18 Technology hubs; <br/> ii) 2014-17: growth/ decline in investment in start-ups in the Technology hubs of the world; <br/> iii) 2014-17: Major deals closed in Bengaluru, New Delhi and other major Technology hubs; iv) Fate of investments in Bengaluru, New Delhi and other major Technology hubs. ''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'' i) 2012-17: There were 3 Indian cities among the world’s Top 18 Technology hubs; <br/> ii) 2014-17: growth/ decline in investment in start-ups in the Technology hubs of the world; <br/> iii) 2014-17: Major deals closed in Bengaluru, New Delhi and other major Technology hubs; iv) Fate of investments in Bengaluru, New Delhi and other major Technology hubs. ''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=YEAR-WISE DEVELOPMENTS= </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==2019-20: 8.4% growth==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F02%2F13&entity=Ar02402&sk=8256E532&mode=text  Shilpa Phadnis, February 13, 2020: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nasscom expects the Indian IT and BPM industry to grow 8.4% in constant currency to $191 billion in 2019-20, marginally lower than the rate in the previous fiscal.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The growth is seen to underscore the resilience of the Indian IT sector in a fragile global environment marred by geopolitical risks, trade sanctions and customers in its mainstay banking and financial sector turning cautious on tech spending. In reported numbers, it is expected to close the year with 7.7% growth, Nasscom said at the annual edition of its Strategic Review in Mumbai. The organisation said the Indian IT industry made a net addition of 2.1 lakh people this year, the highest in four years.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nasscom has stopped giving growth forecasts, citing a dynamic technology landscape, and has replaced it with a CEO survey to call out qualitative data points as they see it panning out in the industry. The Nasscom CEO survey said the Indian IT industry is cautiously optimistic about 2020. About 53% of the 100 CEOs surveyed expect a stronger world economy in 2020.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IT exports this year is expected to grow 8.1% to $147 billion, from $136 billion previously. Domestic business will touch $44 billion, from $41 billion. The growth was led by engineering services and software products that grew 11% and 9.6% respectively. E-commerce is expected to grow at a pace of 25.6% to $54 billion.</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=120016&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Software imports */2022-08-15T17:57:18Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Software imports</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>KPMG India senior partner Hitesh Gajaria said, “This welcome judgment ends the controversy and gives relief to Indian companies who were being pursued by the I-T department for alleged non-withholding of tax. Even as a new Equalisation Levy on non-resident e-commerce operators selling goods and services has come into force with a mind-bogglingly vast scope and coverage, thankfully here the burden has been cast on overseas companies to comply with the provisions of this new levy.”</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>KPMG India senior partner Hitesh Gajaria said, “This welcome judgment ends the controversy and gives relief to Indian companies who were being pursued by the I-T department for alleged non-withholding of tax. Even as a new Equalisation Levy on non-resident e-commerce operators selling goods and services has come into force with a mind-bogglingly vast scope and coverage, thankfully here the burden has been cast on overseas companies to comply with the provisions of this new levy.”</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==2020: legacy technology; aerospace and defence ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://www.gadgetsnow.com/tech-news/this-is-where-bulk-of-indian-it-companies-revenue-still-comes-from/articleshow/74175853.cms?utm_source=toiweb&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=toiweb_hptopnews  This is where bulk of Indian IT companies' revenue still comes from, February 17, 2020: THE ECONOMIC TIMES, ''GadgetsNow'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Legacy technology-based services and products will continue to constitute a meaningful part of revenue for IT service providers even as the share of digital business is growing at a faster pace – this was the general view at an ET roundtable organised at the Nasccom summit on Friday. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">CP Gurnani of Tech Mahindra, Keshav Murugesh of WNS Global Services and Cyient BVR’s Mohan Reddy discussed how their companies, and the industry in general, were handling legacy businesses when the focus is increasingly turning towards emerging technologies in areas like cloud, blockchain, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cyber security, quantum computing and IoT. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“The old has not extinguished as fast as people have always thought. Mainframe still exists,” Tech Mahindra managing director Gurnani said. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“The transformation or digital adoption is not new. What we have noticed is that if there is a job replacement, it is substituted by a better job. If there is a process change, it has only created a better demand.” His company reported a 10.6-percentage-point increase in digital revenue in the quarter through December from three months earlier, accounting for 41% of overall revenue. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cyient chairman Reddy said clients of the engineering and technology solutions company were continuing to improve upon their legacy software and hardware infrastructures rather than replacing those entirely with new, digital products. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“It’s not like they are dumping off old design work and asking us to make new products… The legacy continues. There are a few areas where the new technologies are disrupting the old. Otherwise they are augmenting it and they will work with each other,” he said. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Aerospace and defence contributes close to a third of Cyient’s revenue. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Reddy said clients in the sector were looking at rewiring existing aeroplane engine architecture, which costs about $3 billion to build, with new digital technologies. Engines typically have a life space of 40 years, he said. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“They are at this point making sure to incorporate new digital technologies to get new applications. A good example could be engine health monitoring systems — sensors are placed to provide the ability to crunch data to understand the behaviour of the engine during a flight.”</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: </ins>IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:India|I INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:India|I INFORMATION <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION </ins>TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:S&T|IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Category:Pages with broken file links|INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: IINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=119876&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Apps created by Indians */2022-08-07T09:36:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Apps created by Indians</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>This is an increase from 22.8% and 2.3% in 2018 respectively.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>This is an increase from 22.8% and 2.3% in 2018 respectively.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“Retention rate is a function of high competition across categories, quality of apps, and average storage space in an Indian user’s device, among others,” Deepak Abbot, an analyst in the app market, said.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“Retention rate is a function of high competition across categories, quality of apps, and average storage space in an Indian user’s device, among others,” Deepak Abbot, an analyst in the app market, said.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Data literacy=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==India most literate in [2019?]==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Data literacy in India, Germany, Japan, the UK, the USA and other countries, presumably as in 2019..jpg| Data literacy in India, Germany, Japan, the UK, the USA and other countries, presumably as in 2019. <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F02%2F22&entity=Ar02304&sk=ACCB87B5&mode=image  February 22, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''See graphic''':</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'' Data literacy in India, Germany, Japan, the UK, the USA and other countries, presumably as in 2019. ''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=Employment in India=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=Employment in India=</div></td></tr>
</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=119801&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Apps created by Indians */2022-08-05T15:46:38Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Apps created by Indians</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==2018-19: India vis-à-vis China==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==2018-19: India vis-à-vis China==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F12%2F26&entity=Ar01505&sk=0B4BA725&mode=text Sindhu Hariharan, Dec 26, 2019 ''The Times of India'']  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F12%2F26&entity=Ar01505&sk=0B4BA725&mode=text Sindhu Hariharan, Dec 26, 2019 ''The Times of India'']  </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>With majority private capital raised by new-age tech businesses going towards user acquisition and marketing, Indian apps managed to claim more installs than key Chinese rivals in 2019, despite TikTok and PUBG’s global domination. Chinese app downloads dominated Indian ones in 2018.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>With majority private capital raised by new-age tech businesses going towards user acquisition and marketing, Indian apps managed to claim more installs than key Chinese rivals in 2019, despite TikTok and PUBG’s global domination. Chinese app downloads dominated Indian ones in 2018.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>However, the “blue-sky” potential of the Indian market will bring in more foreign competitors in the coming years, the study said.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>However, the “blue-sky” potential of the Indian market will bring in more foreign competitors in the coming years, the study said.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>With 6.5 billion installs in second and third quarter (up to September) of 2019 in India, foreign markets have started to take note of rise of Indian app economy, analysts at AppsFlyer said, adding that the Chinese continue to gain on popularity in categories where they do well such as news, entertainment and gaming.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>With 6.5 billion installs in second and third quarter (up to September) of 2019 in India, foreign markets have started to take note of rise of Indian app economy, analysts at AppsFlyer said, adding that the Chinese continue to gain on popularity in categories where they do well such as news, entertainment and gaming.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>This is an increase from 22.8% and 2.3% in 2018 respectively.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>This is an increase from 22.8% and 2.3% in 2018 respectively.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“Retention rate is a function of high competition across categories, quality of apps, and average storage space in an Indian user’s device, among others,” Deepak Abbot, an analyst in the app market, said.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>“Retention rate is a function of high competition across categories, quality of apps, and average storage space in an Indian user’s device, among others,” Deepak Abbot, an analyst in the app market, said.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Employment in India=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==2020: over 1 lakh Americans in Indian IT industry==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/indian-it-has-over-1-lakh-american-employees/articleshow/74235681.cms  Shilpa Phadnis, April 2, 2022: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">BENGALURU: The top four Indian IT firms have over 55,000 American employees in the US. The number is sharply up from a few years ago, and reflects the companies’ efforts to overcome visa barriers and become more global in their operations. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Including Cognizant, which is US headquartered but has an India heritage, the tally of American employees is over 1 lakh. Cognizant employs 46,400 people in North America. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Data from a variety of sources shows that TCS has 20,000 such employees, Infosys 14,000, HCL 13,400, and Wipro 10,000. For all of them, these numbers are about 70% of their overall US employee strength (including those on visas). </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Infosys had committed in 2017 to hire 10,000 American workers at its US operations. The data shows it is now well over that target. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">TCS HR head Milind Lakkad recently told TOI that the company is hiring 1,500 freshers from campuses in the US and Europe this year, one of the highest in recent times. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Including those on visas, the Indian IT industry had 1.7 lakh employees in the US in fiscal 2018, as per estimates by research firm IHS Markit Research. This is up from 1.5 lakh in fiscal 2015. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">TOI reported recently that Indian IT firms are estimated to have paid an average compensation of $96,300 to its US employees in 2018, higher than the average wage of $94,800 that IT professionals get in the country. This is also data from IHS Markit Research. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">While visas is one reason to have local hires, the other is the newer kinds of digital and outcome-based work that IT companies are now doing, and which require client proximity. Infosys, for instance, has set up half a dozen technology centres across Indiana, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Texas, North Carolina and Arizona. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Indian IT’s local hiring will also serve to reduce subcontracting costs, which have been soaring in recent years. To meet people requirements quickly, the companies depend on subcontractors who supply staff. But these expenses can be prohibitive. For Infosys, this expense rose by 40% to Rs 6,031 crore in 2018-19, compared to Rs 4,298 crore in the year before. For TCS, subcontracting expenses rose by 26% to Rs 11,330 crore in 2018-19.</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jyotihttp://indpaedia.com/ind/index.php?title=Information_Technology,_India:_I&diff=119053&oldid=prevPdewan: /* The most attractive IT/ITeS outsourcing locations: 2013-14 */2022-06-13T00:31:48Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">The most attractive IT/ITeS outsourcing locations: 2013-14</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INDIA: I]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= The most attractive IT/ITeS outsourcing locations<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">: </del>2013-14=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= The most attractive IT/ITeS outsourcing locations<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== </ins>2013-14<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins>=</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[File: IT14.jpg||frame|500px]]   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[File: IT14.jpg||frame|500px]]   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>''' Bangalore top IT hub, Mumbai slips to No. 3 '''  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>''' Bangalore top IT hub, Mumbai slips to No. 3 '''  </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>As many as 39 of the top 100 locations in the latest survey are from Asia Pacific. But other continents too are seeing more action now.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>As many as 39 of the top 100 locations in the latest survey are from Asia Pacific. But other continents too are seeing more action now.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=Point of sales terminals=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=Point of sales terminals=</div></td></tr>
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