Kayasth - Revision history

Jyoti: /* Bengal Kayasthas, kulin, origin of */

2017-12-09T13:22:03Z

‎Bengal Kayasthas, kulin, origin of

Jyoti at 13:12, 9 December 2017

2017-12-09T13:12:46Z

Jyoti: /* Complete text: the Pagani, Bose, Ayub, Tyler-Smith study */

2017-12-09T13:08:50Z

‎Complete text: the Pagani, Bose, Ayub, Tyler-Smith study

Jyoti: /* Complete text: the Pagani, Bose, Ayub, Tyler-Smith study */

2017-12-09T13:00:25Z

‎Complete text: the Pagani, Bose, Ayub, Tyler-Smith study

Jyoti: /* Sub-castes, Groups/subgroups, surnames */

2017-12-09T12:48:57Z

‎Sub-castes, Groups/subgroups, surnames

Show changes

Pdewan: /* See also */

2017-12-01T17:03:55Z

‎See also

Pdewan: /* Central Indian Kayasths */

2017-12-01T17:03:16Z

‎Central Indian Kayasths

Pdewan: /* Occupation */

2017-12-01T16:51:13Z

‎Occupation

Pdewan: /* Kayasth: Deccan */

2017-12-01T15:13:58Z

‎Kayasth: Deccan

Pdewan at 15:09, 1 December 2017

2017-12-01T15:09:19Z

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 ==Complete text: the Pagani, Bose, Ayub, Tyler-Smith study==
-[http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']
+[http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']
 ''Legends, Genealogies, and Genetics''
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 '''Migration from Kannauj: The Origin Legend'''
-[[File: Legendary direction of migration of five Brahmins, accompanied by five Kayasthas, from Kannauj to Bengal at the invitation of King Adisur.jpg|Legendary direction of migration of five Brahmins, accompanied by five Kayasthas, from Kannauj to Bengal at the invitation of King Adisur <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Legendary direction of migration of five Brahmins, accompanied by five Kayasthas, from Kannauj to Bengal at the invitation of King Adisur.jpg|Legendary direction of migration of five Brahmins, accompanied by five Kayasthas, from Kannauj to Bengal at the invitation of King Adisur <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
 The region referred to as Bengal approximates the present-day Indian state of West Bengal as well as present-day Bangladesh (Figure 1). This area comprised several distinct subregions in earlier centuries, delineated by the Rivers Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna, which flowed into the Bay of Bengal. The five kulin Kayastha lineages in Bengal, which according to legend are descended from the Kayasthas who accompanied the five Brahmins from Kannauj, are Bose, Ghosh, Mitra, Datta, and Guha in the region known as Rarh or southern Bengal (Figure 1). According to genealogical historian Nagendra Nath Basu, in the genealogies of Rarh, all Kayasthas except “Gautam Bose, Soukalin Ghosh, Viswamitra Mitra, Kashyap Guha and Bharadwaj Datta” (where the prefixes refer to gotra or clan), were considered “Gour-kayastha,” or local, indicating that these five lineages were the “migrants.” In northern Bengal the “non-locals” included “Vatsya Sinha” and “Moudgalya Das,” as well as “Kashyap Datta;” in eastern Bengal they in- cluded “Moudgalya Datta,” “Nag,” “Nath” and “Dam.”
@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 '''Samples and Data Sets'''
-[[File: Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal.jpg|Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal.jpg|Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
 To address these questions, we gathered genetic data from 12 adults, representing four of the five lineages said to have come to southern Bengal from Kannauj. The sampled individuals
@@ Line 123: / Line 123: @@
 '''Methodology'''
-[[File: Principal components (Upper Panel) and Admixture (Lower Panel).jpg|Principal components (Upper Panel) and Admixture (Lower Panel) <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Principal components (Upper Panel) and Admixture (Lower Panel).jpg|Principal components (Upper Panel) and Admixture (Lower Panel) <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Closest admixture matches of Kayastha in Bengal ancestries with populations available- Table 1.jpg|Closest admixture matches of Kayastha in Bengal ancestries with populations available- Table 1 <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Closest admixture matches of Kayastha in Bengal ancestries with populations available- Table 1.jpg|Closest admixture matches of Kayastha in Bengal ancestries with populations available- Table 1 <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal and reference samples.jpg|Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal and reference samples <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal and reference samples.jpg|Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal and reference samples <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations.jpg|Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations.jpg|Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations.jpg|Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations.jpg|Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, November 25, 2017, Volume-I:  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
 Principal components and Admixture analyses: Principal components and Admixture are methods that we employed to infer an individual’s genetic ancestry. The merged data set comprised 4,17,579 variants in 1,617 individuals (Figure 3). Admixture (Alexander et al 2009) assigns individuals to an- cestral populations on the basis of variant allele frequencies at various values of K clusters, representing the chosen number of ancestral populations. The optimum value of K is not known in advance, and is determined from the data. In this case the best-supported model was represented by nine ancestral com- ponents (K=9, showing the smallest cross validation error) and this model was subsequently used to infer relationships between the KB and other population samples. We also used the nine Admixture values to compute the Euclidean distance between each of the KB samples and the average values of each of the comparison populations. For each population pi we also drew a sample si at random and computed the si-pi Selfi dis- tance. Each Euclidean distance between a given KB sample and a population pi was then compared with the Selfi distance and, if smaller, used as the 1/distance radius of the circles reported in Figure 4. Those circles are therefore to be interpreted as a measure of affinity between a given KB or reference sample and each of the reference populations. The bigger the circle, the higher the affinity, with simple dots repre- senting populations for which a given sample did not yield dis- tances smaller than the Selfi distance.

@@ Line 98: / Line 98: @@
 [[File: Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal.jpg|Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
 To address these questions, we gathered genetic data from 12 adults, representing four of the five lineages said to have come to southern Bengal from Kannauj. The sampled individuals
@@ Line 132: / Line 130: @@
 [[File: Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations.jpg|Admixture distances between reconstructed ancestries focusing on genomic regions shared between individuals and s set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal,  ''Economic and Political Weekly'']|frame|500px]]
 Principal components and Admixture analyses: Principal components and Admixture are methods that we employed to infer an individual’s genetic ancestry. The merged data set comprised 4,17,579 variants in 1,617 individuals (Figure 3). Admixture (Alexander et al 2009) assigns individuals to an- cestral populations on the basis of variant allele frequencies at various values of K clusters, representing the chosen number of ancestral populations. The optimum value of K is not known in advance, and is determined from the data. In this case the best-supported model was represented by nine ancestral com- ponents (K=9, showing the smallest cross validation error) and this model was subsequently used to infer relationships between the KB and other population samples. We also used the nine Admixture values to compute the Euclidean distance between each of the KB samples and the average values of each of the comparison populations. For each population pi we also drew a sample si at random and computed the si-pi Selfi dis- tance. Each Euclidean distance between a given KB sample and a population pi was then compared with the Selfi distance and, if smaller, used as the 1/distance radius of the circles reported in Figure 4. Those circles are therefore to be interpreted as a measure of affinity between a given KB or reference sample and each of the reference populations. The bigger the circle, the higher the affinity, with simple dots repre- senting populations for which a given sample did not yield dis- tances smaller than the Selfi distance.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:08, 9 December 2017
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	[[File: Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal.jpg\|Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, ''Economic and Political Weekly'']\|frame\|500px]]		[[File: Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal.jpg\|Genealogical relationships between the anonymised samples gathered from the Kayasthas of Bengal <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, ''Economic and Political Weekly'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	[[File: Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations.jpg\|Subset of Admixture distances between Kayastha in Bengal, reference samples and a set of South Asian populations <br/> From: [http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2017_52/47/SA_LII_47_251117_Luca_Pagani_0.pdf. Luca Pagani, Sarmila Bose, Qasim Ayub, Chris Tyler-Smith, Kayasthas of Bengal, ''Economic and Political Weekly'']\|frame\|500px]]

	To address these questions, we gathered genetic data from 12 adults, representing four of the five lineages said to have come to southern Bengal from Kannauj. The sampled individuals		To address these questions, we gathered genetic data from 12 adults, representing four of the five lineages said to have come to southern Bengal from Kannauj. The sampled individuals

@@ Line 96: / Line 96: @@
 '''Samples and Data Sets'''
 To address these questions, we gathered genetic data from 12 adults, representing four of the five lineages said to have come to southern Bengal from Kannauj. The sampled individuals
@@ Line 120: / Line 122: @@
 '''Methodology'''
 Principal components and Admixture analyses: Principal components and Admixture are methods that we employed to infer an individual’s genetic ancestry. The merged data set comprised 4,17,579 variants in 1,617 individuals (Figure 3). Admixture (Alexander et al 2009) assigns individuals to an- cestral populations on the basis of variant allele frequencies at various values of K clusters, representing the chosen number of ancestral populations. The optimum value of K is not known in advance, and is determined from the data. In this case the best-supported model was represented by nine ancestral com- ponents (K=9, showing the smallest cross validation error) and this model was subsequently used to infer relationships between the KB and other population samples. We also used the nine Admixture values to compute the Euclidean distance between each of the KB samples and the average values of each of the comparison populations. For each population pi we also drew a sample si at random and computed the si-pi Selfi dis- tance. Each Euclidean distance between a given KB sample and a population pi was then compared with the Selfi distance and, if smaller, used as the 1/distance radius of the circles reported in Figure 4. Those circles are therefore to be interpreted as a measure of affinity between a given KB or reference sample and each of the reference populations. The bigger the circle, the higher the affinity, with simple dots repre- senting populations for which a given sample did not yield dis- tances smaller than the Selfi distance.
@@ Line 161: / Line 171: @@
 In summary, our current study has explored the application of genetic analysis to a proposed historical migration, and pro- vided support for some aspects of it. The combination of his- torical and genetic research seems likely to become increas- ingly fruitful in the future.
 =Sub-castes, Groups/subgroups, surnames=

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 1 December 2017
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	[[Kayasth]]		[[Kayasth]]
−
−	~~[[Kayastha]]~~

	[[Kayastha, Karan]]		[[Kayastha, Karan]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 =Central Indian Kayasths=
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 354: / Line 509: @@
 . General
 notice.
 =Deccan Kayasths=
 {| class="wikitable"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:51, 1 December 2017
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	comparatively few of them are to be found among the lower grades		comparatively few of them are to be found among the lower grades
	of cultivators.		of cultivators.
		+	=See also=
		+	[[Ari, Kayasths]]
		+
		+	[[Kayasth]]
		+
		+	[[Kayastha]]
		+
		+	[[Kayastha, Karan]]
		+
		+	[[Madhyasreni Kayastha]]
		+
		+	[[Mana, Bangaja Kayasths]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%">
-This article was written in 1916 when conditions were different. Even in<br/>1916 its contents related only to Central India and did not claim to be true <br />of all of India. It has been archived for its historical value as well as for<br/>the insights it gives into British colonial writing about the various communities<br/>of India. Indpaedia neither agrees nor disagrees with the contents of this <br/> article. Readers who wish to add fresh information can create a Part II of this <br/> article. The general rule is that if we have nothing nice to say about <br/> communities other than our own it is best to say nothing at all. <br/>
+This section was written in 1916 when conditions were different. Even in<br/>1916 its contents related only to Central India and did not claim to be true <br />of all of India. It has been archived for its historical value as well as for<br/>the insights it gives into British colonial writing about the various communities<br/>of India. Indpaedia neither agrees nor disagrees with the contents of this <br/> article. Readers who wish to add fresh information can create a Part II of this <br/> article. The general rule is that if we have nothing nice to say about <br/> communities other than our own it is best to say nothing at all. <br/>
 Readers will be able to edit existing articles and post new articles directly <br/>  on their online archival encyclopædia only after its formal launch.
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 [[Category:India|K]]
 [[Category:Communities|K]]
-[[Category:Name|Alphabet]]
-[[Category:Name|Alphabet]]
 From '''The Tribes And Castes Of The Central Provinces Of India '''
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 NOTE 2: While reading please keep in mind that all articles in this series have been scanned from the original book. Therefore, footnotes have got inserted into the main text of the article, interrupting the flow. Readers who spot these  footnotes gone astray might like to shift them to their correct place.