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‎Tribes Western Plains

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‎Tribes Western Plains

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This article is an extract from
PANJAB CASTES
SIR DENZIL CHARLES JELF IBBETSON, K.C. S.I.
2014-04-29T08:33:47Z

Created page with " {| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%"> This article is an extract from PANJAB CASTES SIR DENZIL CHARLES JELF IBBETSON, K.C. S.I. <br..."

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{| class="wikitable"
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|colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%">
This article is an extract from 

PANJAB CASTES 

SIR DENZIL CHARLES JELF IBBETSON, K.C. S.I. 

Being a reprint of the chapter on 
The Races, Castes and Tribes of 
the People in the Report on the 
Census of the Panjab published 
in ''' 1883 ''' by the late Sir Denzil 
Ibbetson, KCSI 

Lahore : 

Printed by the Superintendent, Government Printing, Punjab, 

1916. 
''Indpaedia is an archive. It neither agrees nor disagrees '' 
''with the contents of this article.''
</div>
|}
[[Category:India|R]]
[[Category:Communities|R]]

=Tribes Western Plains=

The Punwar (No. 1)==

The Punwar or Pramara
was once the most important of nil the Agnikula Rajputs. The world is the Pramara's is
an ancient saying denoting' their extensive away ; and the nan Kot Maruhthali, extending along
and below the Satluj from the Indus almost to the Jamna signified the maru indni asthal or arid
territory occupied by them, and the nine divisions of which it consisted. But many centuries
have passed since they were driven from their possessions and in 1826 they held in independent
away only the small State of Dhat in the desert. It will be seen from the Abstract that the
Punwar are found in considerable numbers up the whole course of the Satluj and along the
Lower Indus, though in the Derajat all and in the Multan division many of them are shown as
Jats. They have also spread up the beas into Jalandhar and Gurdaspur. There is also a very
large colony of them in Rohtak and Hissar and on the confines of those districts ; indeed they
once held the whole of the Rohtak, Dadri, and Gohana country, and their quarrels with the Jatu
Tunwar of Hissar have been noticed under the head Jatu.

''' The Bhatti (No. 2)''' — Bhatti, the Panjab form of the Rajputana word Bhati, is the title of
the great modern representatives of the ancient Jadubansi royal Rajput family, dcsceudants of
Krishna and therefore of Lunar race. Their traditions tell that they wore in very early times
driven across the Indus; but that returning, they disposssessd the Langah, Joya, and others of
the country south of the Lower Satluj some seven centuries ago, and founded Jaialmer. This
State they still hold, though their territory has been greatly circumcribed since the advent of
the Rather; but they still form a large proportion of the Rajput subjects of the Rathor Rajas
of Bikaner. At one time their possessious in those parts included the whole of Sirsa and the
adjoining portions of Hissar, and the tract is still known as Bhattiana 'The story current in
Hissar is that Bhatti, the leader under whom the Bhattis recrosed the Indus, had two sons Dusal
and Jaisal, of whom the latter founded Jaisalmer while the former settled in Bhaltiana. From
Dusal sprang the Sidhu and Barar ,Jat tribes (see section 436)), while his grandson Rajpal was
the ancestor of the wattu. (But see further, section 449 infra.) According to General Cun
ningham the Bhattis originally held the Salt-range Tract and Kashmir, their capital being
Gajnipur, or the site of modern Rawalpindi ; but about the second century before Christ they
were driven across the Jahlam by the Indo-Scythians, and their leader, the Raja Rasalu of
Panjab tradition, founded Sialkot. The invaders however followed them up and dispersed them,
and drove them to take refuge in the country south of the Satluj, though their rule in the
Kashmir valley remained unbroken till 1339 A.D.

The Bhatti is still by far the largest and most widely distributed of the Raput tribes of the
Panjab. It is found in mimense numbers ail along the Lower Satluj and Indus, though on the
former often and on the latter always classed as Jat. It is hardly less numerous on the Chenab,
the Upper Satluj, and the Beas, it is naturally strong in Bhattiana, there is a large colony in the
Delhi district, while it is perhaps most numerous of all in the seats of its ancient power, in Sialkot,
Gujrat and the Salt-range country. And if we reckon as Bhatti the Sidhu and Barar Jats of the
Malwa, who are admittedly of Bhatti origin, we shall leave no portion of the Panjab proper in
which a large Bhatti population is not to be found. Many of those returned as Bhatti are also
returned an belonging to other tribes, but these form a wholly insignificant fraction of the whole;
and the only large numberss appearing twice over appear to he the 1,100 Naipal of Firozpur already
alluded to,2,000 Bhatti Tun war (sic) in Rawalpindi, 2,400 Khokhar and 1,600 Kharral in
Bahawalpur, 1,700 Kashmiri Jats in Gujranwala. In this last case the word is probably Bhat,
a great Kashmir tribe, and not Bhatti. But if the Bhatti formerly held Kashmir, it is not
impossihle that the two words are really identical. Perhaps also Bhatti has in many cases been
given as their tribe byJatsor low-class Rajputs, or even by men of inferior castes who returned
themselves asJats or Rajputs for their own greater exaltation. But if this be so, it only shows
how widespread is the fame of the Bhatti within the Panjab. Almost every menial or artisan
caste has a Bhatti clan, and it is often the most numerous of all, ranking with or above the
Khokhar in this respect.

Yet it is strange, if the Bhatti did hold so large a portion of the Panjab as General Cunningham
alleges, how almost universally they trace their origin to Bhatner in Bhattiana or at least to its
neighbourhood. Either they were expelled wholly from the Upper Panjab and have since returned
to their ancient seats, or else the glory of their later has overshadowed that of their earher
dynasties, and Bhatner and Bhattiana have become the city and country of the Bhatti from which all
good Bhatti trace their origin. The subject population of Brkaner is largely composed of Bhatti,
while Jaisalmer is a Bhatti State ; and it seems impossible that if the Bhatti of the Higher Satluj
are immigrants and not the descendants of the residue of the old Bhatti who escaped expulsion,
they should not have come largely from both these States, and moreover should not have followed
the river valleys in their advance. Yet the tradition almost always skips all intermediate steps,
and carries us straight back to that ancient city of Bhatner on the banks of the long dry Ghaggar,
in the Bikaner territory bordering on Sirsa. The Wattu Bhatti of Montgomery, while tracing
their origin from Raja Salvahan, the father of Raja RaSalu of Sialkot, say that their more
immediate ancestors came from Bhatner ; the Nun Bhatti of Multan trace their origin to the
Dehli country; while the Bhatti of Muzaffargarh, Jhang, Gujarwala, Sialkot, Jahlam, and
Pindi, all look to Bhatner as the home of their ancestors. It is probable either that Bhatner is
used merely as a traditional expression, or that when the Ghaggar dried up or the Rathor con
quered Brkaner, the Bhatti were driven to find new homes in the plains of the Panjab. Indeed
Mr. Wilson tells me that in Sirsa, or the old Bhattiana, the term Bhatti is commonly apphed to
any Musalman Jat or Rajput from the direction of the Satluj, as a generic term almost
synonymouS with Rath or Pachhada.

In Multan the Nun, a Bhatti clan, are the dominant tribe in the Shujabad tahsil, where they
settled some four or five hundred years ago. The Mittru Bhatti of Multan came from Brkaner.
The Bhatti of Montgomery are probably Wattu and Khichi who will be described presently. The
Bhatti of Jhang hold a considerable tract called Bhattiora in the Chiniot uplands north of the
Chanab. They came first from Bhatner to the right bank of the Jahlam near the Shahpur border,
and thence to Bhattiora. They are described as a fine race of men, industrious agriculturists,
hardly at all in debt, good horse-breeders, and very fond of sport. They do very little cattle
lifting, but are much addicted to carrying off each other's wives.The Bhatti of the Gujranwala
bdr, where they are the natural enemies of the Virk,are descended from one Dhir who eighteen
generations ago left Bhatner, and settled in the Nur Mahal jungles as a grazier and freebooter. His
grandson went further on to the banks of the Ravi, and his son again moved up into the uplands
of Gujranwala. The modern descendants of these men are described as a muscular and noble
looking race of men, agricultureists more by constraint than by natural inclination, who keep
numerous herds of cattle which graze over the pasture lands of the bar, only plough just sufficient
to grow food for their own necessities, and are famous as cattle-lifters and notorious thieves.
The Bhatti of Gujranwala enjoyed considerable political importance in former times, and they
still hold 86 villages in that district. In Sialkot the Bhatti claim descent from Bhoni seventh in
descent from their eponymous ancestor Bhatti, who came to Gujranwala from Bikaner, and thence
to Sialkot. None of these Bhatti of the bar will give their daughters to the neighbouring Jat
tribes, though they will take wives from among them without scruple. In the Salt-range Tract
the Bhatti seem to hold a very subordinate position as Bhatti, though it may be that some of the
innumerable Rajput tribes of those tracts may consider themselves Bhatti as well as whatever
their local name may be. In Kapurthala and Jalandhar they have lost position greatly in
recent times. Till dispossessed by the Ahluwalia Sikhs, the Rais of Kapurthala were Bhatti
Rajputs.

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 =Tribes Western Plains=
-The Punwar (No. 1)
+''' The Punwar (No. 1)'''
 The Punwar or Pramara

Rajputs of the Western (Punjab) Plains - Revision history

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