Tamil Nadu - Revision history

Pdewan: /* 2016 */

2024-10-18T22:15:50Z

‎2016

Jyoti: /* Aadi Perukku */

2017-11-03T21:50:47Z

‎Aadi Perukku

Jyoti: /* FESTIVALS */

2017-11-03T21:49:09Z

‎FESTIVALS

Pdewan: /* 2016 */

2017-07-12T17:19:49Z

‎2016

Pdewan: /* Tamil Nadu */

2017-07-12T17:15:57Z

‎Tamil Nadu

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2013-12-20T18:47:51Z

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This article has been sourced from an authoritative, official <br/>publication. Therefore, it has been ‘locked’ and will never be <br/> thrown open to readers to edit or comment on.<br/>

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[[Category:India|T]]
[[Category:Places|T]]
[[Category:Name|Alphabet]]
[[Category:Name|Alphabet]]

==The source of this article==
''' INDIA 2012 '''

A REFERENCE ANNUAL

'' Compiled by ''

RESEARCH, REFERENCE AND TRAINING DIVISION

PUBLICATIONS DIVISION

MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

=Tamil Nadu=

Area : 1,30,058 sq km

Population : 6,24,05,679 (2001 Census)

''' Capital : ''' Chennai

Principal Language : Tamil

==HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY==

Tamil Nadu has a hoary antiquity. Though early sangam classics throw historical
references it is only from the Pallavas we pass to recorded history.

South India had remained under the hegemony of the Cholas, the Cheras and
the Pandyas for centuries. The Pallavas held supremacy from about the second
quarter of the fourth century AD. They were the originators of the famous Dravidian
style of temple architecture. The last Pallava ruler was Aparajita in whose reign the
later Cholas under Vijayalaya and Aditya asserted themselves by about the 10th
century. At the end of the 11th century, Tamil Nadu was ruled by several dynasties
like the Chalukyas, Cholas and Pandyas. In the two centuries that followed, the
imperial Cholas gained paramountcy over South India.

Muslims gradually strengthened their position, which led to the establishment
of the Bahamani Sultanate, by the middle of the 14th century. At the same time, the
Vijayanagar Kingdom quickly consolidated itself and extended its sway over the
whole of South India and at the close of the century, Vijayanagar became the supreme
power in South. However, it crumbled at the battle of Talikota in 1564 to the
confederate forces of the Deccan Sultans.

Even during the period of the tumultuous confusion that followed the battle
of Talikota, European commercial interest had appeared as rivals in the area of
South India. The Portuguese, the Dutch, the French and the English came in quick
succession and established trading centres known as ‘Factories.’ East India Company
which had established their factory at Masulipatnam, now in Andhra Pradesh, in
1611 gradually annexed territories by encouraging enmity among the native rulers.

Tamil Nadu was one of the first of British settlements in India. The State is the
successor to the old Madras Presidency which in 1901 covered the bulk of the
southern peninsula. The composite Madras State was later reorganised and the
present Tamil Nadu was formed.

Tamil Nadu is bounded on north by Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, on west
by Kerala, on east by the Bay of Bengal and on south by the Indian Ocean.

==AGRICULTURE==

Agriculture is the major occupation in Tamil Nadu. The total cultivated area in the
State was 58.15 lakhs hectare. The principal food crops include paddy, millets and
pulses. Commercial crops include sugarcane, cotton, sunflower, coconut, cashew,
chillies, gingelly and groundnut. Plantation crops are tea, coffee, cardamom and
rubber. Major forest produces are timber, sandalwood, pulp wood and fuel wood.
Tamil Nadu occupies a premier position in the production and extensive application
of bio-fertilizers. Efforts are on to improve farming technologies so as to increase
yields in the low rainfall areas of the State.

==INDUSTRY AND MINERALS==

Major Industries in the State are cotton, heavy commercial vehicles, auto components,
railway coaches, power pumps, leather tanning industries, cement, sugar, paper,
automobiles and safety matches.

Knowledge based industries like I.T. and Biotechnology have become the thrust
area in the industrial scene in Tamil Nadu. TIDEL, a software technology park, has
been established in Tharamani, Chennai. Top I.T. and Telecom companies such as
Nokia, Motorola, Foxcon, Flextronic and Dell have commenced production.
Global auto majors Hyundai Motors, Ford, Hindustan Motors and Mitsubishi
have commenced production plants. Ashok Leyland and TAFE have set up expansion
plants in Chennai.

Main mineral wealth of the State are granite, lignite and limestone. The State
is an important exporter of tanned skin and leather goods, yarn, tea, coffee, spices,
engineering goods, tobacco, handicrafts and black granite. Tamil Nadu contributes
to 60 per cent of the tannery industry in India.

==IRRIGATION==

Important irrigation schemes and modernisation of existing Periyar Vaigai System,
Palar Basin System and Parambikulam-Aliyar System besides the minor system in
Vellar, Pennayar, Araniyar Amaravathi, Chithar basins totalling an extent of six lakh
acres of existing ayacut in Tamil Nadu have been benefited by implementing the
‘System Improvement and Farmers Turnover Projects’ executed with assistance from
World Bank. The World Bank has also approved Rs. 2,547 crore for the Irrigated
Agriculture Modernisation and Water Bodies Restoration Management Project. The
Project covers about 6,17 lakh ha. in 63 selected sub-basins throughout the State.

Nine irrigation projects which were just started and going on a slow progress have
been speeded up with adequate fund and guidance for early completion. The major
irrigation system covering one-third of irrigated extent in Tamil Nadu, namely tank
irrigation system has been given due regard for development under WRCP and 620
tanks maintained by Public Works Department falling under Palar, Vaigai and
Tamaraparani Basins have been taken up for rehabilitation and improvement. This
project is nearing completion to the maximum satisfaction of the farmers. This State
has become the pioneer State to implement the system of ‘River basin management’
by an individual body consisting of officials and farmers besides various
representatives of the basin.

==POWER==

The total installed capacity of electricity in the State is 10,214 MW. The installed
capacity of State Sector is 5,690 MW and that of Private Sector is 1,180 MW. Apart
from this 2825 MW is available as share from Central Sector, 305 MW is obtained
from external assistance and 214 MW from Captive Power Plants. Apart from this
wind mills from the private sector provide 4270 MW and 466.10 MW is received
from co-generation plants and 109.55 MW from Bio-mass plants.

==TRANSPORT==

'''Roads : ''' The length of roads network in Tamil Nadu is 61,641 km.

''' Railways:''' The total length of railways is 3,927 km and the main junction stations
are Chennai, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Coimbatore, Tirunelveli, Salem, Erode and
Arakkonam.

''' Aviation:''' Chennai being the international airport in the southern region, is the
main centre of airline routes. Besides, there are airports at Tiruchirapalli, Madurai,
Coimbatore and Salem.

''' Ports:''' Major ports in the State are Chennai, Egmore and Tuticorin. There are seven
other minor ports including Cuddalore and Nagapattinam.

==FESTIVALS==

Pongal is the harvest festival celebrated by the farmers in January to worship the
sun, the earth and the cattle as thanks giving for a bounteous harvest. Pongal is
followed by the Jallikattu-Bull fight, Tamil Nadu style in some parts of southern
Tamil Nadu. Alanganallur in Tamil Nadu is internationally famous for Jallikattu-
Bull fight. Chithirai festival, Madurai: Madurai brings a spectacular re-enactment
of the marriage of the Pandiyan princess Meenakshi to Lord Sundareswarar.

Adipperukku is a festival celebrated on the 18th day of Tamil month, Adi, on the
banks of rivers. It marks the commencement of new farming operations. A truly
secular festival - where devotees flock to the shrine of saint Quadirwali. One of the
descendants of the Saint is chosen as a Peer or spiritual leader and is honoured with
offerings. On the tenth day of the festival, the Saint’s tomb is anointed with
sandalwood and later the holy sandal paste is distributed to everyone. Velankanni
festival : Wondrous legends surround the church, the most famous being that of the
ship wrecked Portuguese sailors, who in the 16th century, vowed to build a great
shrine for Virgin Mary, for saving their lives from a terrible storm. The Velankanni
festival attracts thousands, clad in orange robes to the sacred spot where the ship
landed. Equally famous are the Virgin Mary's miraculous healing powers - earning
for the church the name 'Lourdes of the East'. Navarathiri festival : Literally, this
means the festival of ‘nine nights’ taking unique and different forms in different
States of India - all to propitiate the goddess Sakthi, for power, wealth and
knowledge. Music Festival : In December Chennai celebrates her priceless heritage
of carnatic music and dance to present a galaxy of star artists, old and new.

==TOURIST CENTRES==

Chennai, Mamallapuram, Poompuhar, Kancheepuram, Kumbakonam, Dharasuram,
Chidambaram, Tiruvannamalai, Srirangam, Madurai, Rameswaram, Tirunelveli,
Kanniyakumari, Thanjavur, Velankanni, Nagoor, Chithannavasal, Kazhugumalai
(monument centres), Courtallam, Hogenakkal, Papanasam, Suruli (waterfalls), Ooty
(Udhagamandalam), Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Elagiri Kolli Hills (hill stations), Guindy
(Chennai), Mudumalai, Annamalai, Mundanthurai, Kalakad (wild life sanctuaries),
Vedanthangal and Point Calimere (bird sanctuaries), Arignar Anna Zoological Park,
near Chennai, are some of the places of tourist interest.

==GOVERNMENT==

Governor : Dr. K. Rosaiah

Chief Secretary : Thiru Debendranath Sarangi

Chief Minister : Sushree Dr J Jayalalithaa

Jurisdiction of High Court: Tamil Nadu and
Puducherry

==AREA, POPULATION AND HEADQUARTERS OF DISTRICTS==

S. No. District Area (sq km) Population Headquarters
(2001 Census)

1. Chennai 174 43,43,645 Chennai

2. Kancheepuram 4,307 28,77,468 Kancheepuram

3. Thiruvallur 3,550 27,54,756 Thiruvallur

4. Vellore 6,077 34,77,317 Vellore

5. Thiruvannamalai 6,190 21,86,125 Thiruvannamalai

6. Cuddalore 3,706 22,85,395 Cuddalore

7. Villupuram 7,190 29,60,373 Villupuram

8. Salem 5,425 30,16,346 Salem

9. Namakkal 3,404 14,93,462 Namakkal

10. Dharmapuri 9,622 28,56,300 Dharmapuri

11. Pudukottai 4,651 14,59,601 Pudukottai

12. Erode 8,209 25,81,500 Erode

13. The Nilgiris 2,549 7,62,141 Udhagamandalam

14. Coimbatore 7,469 42,71,856 Coimbatore

15. Tiruchirappalli 4,511 24,18,366 Tiruchirappalli

16. Karur 2,901 9,35,686 Karur

17. Perambalur 1,750 4,93,646 Perambalur

18. Ariyalur 1,944 6,95,524 Ariyalur

19. Thanjavur 3,476 22,16,138 Thanjavur

20. Nagapattinam 2,417 14,88,839 Nagapattinam

21. Thiruvarur 2,377 11,69,474 Thiruvarur

22. Madurai 3,696 25,78,201 Madurai

23. Theni 2,869 10,93,950 Theni

24. Dindigul 6,058 19,23,014 Dindigul

25. Ramanathapuram 4,175 11,87,604 Ramanathapuram

26. Sivagangai 4,143 11,55,356 Sivagangai

27. Virudhunagar 4,283 17,51,301 Virudhunagar

28. Tirunelveli 6,810 27,23,988 Tirunelveli

29. Thoothukudi 4,621 15,72,273 Thoothukudi

30. Kanniyakumari 1,684 16,76,034 Nagercoil

31. Tiruppur 4719.85 19,17,033 Tiruppur

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 [[Category:Places |T ]]
-= 2016 =
+= Tamil Nadu state anthem, ‘Tamil Thai Vaazhthu=
 [http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-aiadmk-dmk-sasikala-o-paneerselvam/1/785758.html Amarnath K. Menon , The Amma of all questions , “India Today” 13/11/2016]
 [[File: India Today , October 24,2016.jpg| India Today , October 24,2016 |frame|500px]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:50, 3 November 2017
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	[http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Aadi-Perukku-is-about-new-beginnings-for-all/article14545766.ece Deepa H. Ramakrishnan, August 1, 2016: The Hindu]		[http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Aadi-Perukku-is-about-new-beginnings-for-all/article14545766.ece Deepa H. Ramakrishnan, August 1, 2016: The Hindu]

		+	[[File: A view of the Veeranarayana Perumal Temple at Kattumannarkovil in Cuddalore district.jpg\|A view of the Veeranarayana Perumal Temple at Kattumannarkovil in Cuddalore district. Photo: T. Singaravelou <br/> From: [http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Aadi-Perukku-is-about-new-beginnings-for-all/article14545766.ece Deepa H. Ramakrishnan, August 1, 2016: The Hindu]\|frame\|500px]]

	Water brings fresh hope to farmers, happiness to families, and joy to newly-weds. Aadi Perukku is a celebration of all that.		Water brings fresh hope to farmers, happiness to families, and joy to newly-weds. Aadi Perukku is a celebration of all that.

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 . Tiruppur 4719.85 19,17,033 Tiruppur
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 [http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-aiadmk-dmk-sasikala-o-paneerselvam/1/785758.html Amarnath K. Menon , The Amma of all questions , “India Today” 13/11/2016]
-[[File: India Today , October 13,2016 .jpg| India Today , October 13,2016 |frame|500px]]
+[[File: India Today , October 24,2016.jpg| India Today , October 24,2016 |frame|500px]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:15, 12 July 2017
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	31. Tiruppur 4719.85 19,17,033 Tiruppur		31. Tiruppur 4719.85 19,17,033 Tiruppur
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		+	[[Category:India \|T ]]
		+	[[Category:Places \|T ]]
		+
		+	= 2016 =
		+	[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-aiadmk-dmk-sasikala-o-paneerselvam/1/785758.html Amarnath K. Menon , The Amma of all questions , “India Today” 13/11/2016]
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 knowledge. Music Festival : In December Chennai celebrates her priceless heritage
 of carnatic music and dance to present a galaxy of star artists, old and new.
 ==TOURIST CENTRES==

Tamil Nadu - Revision history

Pdewan: /* 2016 */

Jyoti: /* Aadi Perukku */

Jyoti: /* FESTIVALS */

Pdewan: /* 2016 */

Pdewan: /* Tamil Nadu */

Pdewan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"| This article has been sourced from an authoritative, official publication. Therefore, it has been ‘lo..."

Pdewan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"|
This article has been sourced from an authoritative, official
publication. Therefore, it has been ‘lo..."