The Meitei Language and Grammar - Revision history

Pdewan: /* Word Order in Manipuri Language */

2023-05-11T17:24:35Z

‎Word Order in Manipuri Language

Pdewan: /* Particles */

2017-09-01T22:47:26Z

‎Particles

Pdewan: /* Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language */

2017-08-30T22:44:19Z

‎Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

2017-08-24T23:20:33Z

‎Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language

Pdewan: /* Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language */

2017-08-21T20:45:01Z

‎Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

2017-08-21T20:44:27Z

‎Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

2017-08-21T20:43:14Z

‎Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language

Pdewan at 20:30, 21 August 2017

2017-08-21T20:30:23Z

Pdewan: /* Honorifie forms */

2017-08-18T17:19:32Z

‎Honorifie forms

Pdewan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"|
This article is an extract from
'''THE MEITHEIS'''
T. C. HODSON
Late Assistant Political ..."

2016-09-28T17:01:39Z

Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%"> This article is an extract from <br/> '''THE MEITHEIS'''<br/> T. C. HODSON <br/> Late Assistant Political ..."

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:24, 11 May 2023
Line 2,568:		Line 2,568:

	Answer for the above will be: Ei Bengaluru hayeng chattoini. (I, Bengaluru, tomorrow, will go) (Notice the answer word hayeng replaces question word karamkanda without breaking the order of the words.) The word ‘Bengaluru’ (or such similar additional information in question sentences) would often be dropped in the answer sentence because the person asking the question already knows this.		Answer for the above will be: Ei Bengaluru hayeng chattoini. (I, Bengaluru, tomorrow, will go) (Notice the answer word hayeng replaces question word karamkanda without breaking the order of the words.) The word ‘Bengaluru’ (or such similar additional information in question sentences) would often be dropped in the answer sentence because the person asking the question already knows this.
		+	=See also=
		+
		+	[[The Meiteis: Introduction]]
		+
		+	[[The Meiteis: Preface]]
		+
		+	[[The Meitei Language and Grammar]]
		+
		+	[[The Meitei: Laws And Customs]]
		+
		+	[[The Meitei: Religion]]
		+
		+	[[The Meitei: Traditional economy]]
		+
		+	[[The Meiteis Habitat, Appearance]]
		+
		+	[[The Meitei community after 1947 ]]
		+
		+	[[Category:Communities\|M
		+	MEITEI COMMUNITY]]
		+	[[Category:India\|M
		+	MEITEI COMMUNITY]]
		+	[[Category:Name\|ALPHABET
		+	MEITEI COMMUNITY]]
		+
		+	[[Category:Communities\|MMEITEI COMMUNITY
		+	THE MEITEI COMMUNITY AFTER 1947]]
		+	[[Category:India\|MMEITEI COMMUNITY
		+	THE MEITEI COMMUNITY AFTER 1947]]
		+	[[Category:Name\|ALPHABETMEITEI COMMUNITY
		+	THE MEITEI COMMUNITY AFTER 1947]]
		+
		+	[[Category:Communities\|M
		+	THE MEITEI LANGUAGE AND GRAMMAR]]
		+	[[Category:India\|M
		+	THE MEITEI LANGUAGE AND GRAMMAR]]
		+	[[Category:Languages-Scripts\|M
		+	THE MEITEI LANGUAGE AND GRAMMAR]]

@@ Line 2,257: / Line 2,257: @@
 taught the art of writing. I understand that the Meithei word
 che = paper is of foreign origin — not Indian.
 =Particles=
 ==Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language==
@@ Line 2,376: / Line 2,465: @@
 [https://www.chineseboost.com/grammar/shi4-de/ Chinese Boost]
 =Plurals=
 ==Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:44, 30 August 2017
Line 2,410:		Line 2,410:

	To form plurals of particular noun groups (of people), nakhoi (you all) or makhaie (probably derived from makhoi, they) are used as nouns with the required singular nouns as adjectives: nupa nakhoi/makhaie (you all men (gender-specific)), agnang nakhoi/makhaie (you all children). As ma (he or she) has no polite counterpart unlike nung (you, which has polite counterpart adom), the derivative nakhoi is not very polite. Hence, in formal conversations, to show respect, nupa/nupi makhaie is preferable to nupa/nupi nakhoi (to say ‘you all men’ or ‘you all women’).		To form plurals of particular noun groups (of people), nakhoi (you all) or makhaie (probably derived from makhoi, they) are used as nouns with the required singular nouns as adjectives: nupa nakhoi/makhaie (you all men (gender-specific)), agnang nakhoi/makhaie (you all children). As ma (he or she) has no polite counterpart unlike nung (you, which has polite counterpart adom), the derivative nakhoi is not very polite. Hence, in formal conversations, to show respect, nupa/nupi makhaie is preferable to nupa/nupi nakhoi (to say ‘you all men’ or ‘you all women’).
		+	=Word order=
		+	==Word Order in Manipuri Language==
		+	By James Oinam
		+
		+
		+	In this article we will look into what I think is the basic word order in Manipuri language. I will classify sentences into:
		+
		+	(1) one-word sentences (command and question sentences),
		+
		+	(2) simple statement sentences,
		+
		+	(3) simple statements with additional information, and
		+
		+	(4) question sentences.
		+
		+	For one-word command sentences, we need to deal with the dragons of all words, the verbs. In English, the base verbs can stressed to form command sentences: Drink! Eat! etc. In Manipuri, the verbs need suffixes to form command sentences. To order to begin to do something, the suffixes ‘ro/lo’ and ‘biro/piro’ (request/polite command) are used.
		+
		+	Examples: Paro. (Read.); Pabiro. (Please read.)
		+
		+	Chatlo. (Go.); Chatpiro. (Please go.)
		+
		+	To form one-word question sentences, suffix ‘no/dano’ is added to root question words:
		+
		+	Kana (who) - Kanano? (Who [is it]?)
		+
		+	Kadai (where) - Kadaidano? (Where to?)
		+
		+	Kamaina (how) - Kamainano? (How?)
		+
		+	Karamkanda (when) - Karamkandano? (When [is it]?)
		+
		+	In the middle of conversations, some root words may be used as question words. But without the suffix, some might be confusing. For example, if a stranger calls you and you ask ‘kana?’, depending on the context, you may be asking ‘Who are you?’ or ‘Who do you want to speak to?’ The word ‘kadai’ is also used to as ask someone to show or give you something. Therefore, using ‘kadaidano’ needs to be used to ask ‘where to’ question.
		+
		+	The command version can be used for children and juniors. The request command version may be used for seniors and in formal context addressed to a group.
		+
		+	In simple statement sentences, the order of words is Subject + Object + Verb.
		+
		+	Consider the following sentences:
		+
		+	Ei chak chari. (I, rice/food, eating)
		+
		+	Ma lairik pari. (He/she, book, reading)
		+
		+	As you can guess, in English the sequence is Subject + Verb + Object:
		+
		+	I am eating food.
		+
		+	In complicated sentences with additional information describing the action, the information is given before the action (verb). The usual format is:
		+
		+	Subject + When + Where + How + Action/Verb.
		+
		+	Example: Ei hayeng Bengaluru planeda chattoini. (I, tomorrow, Bengaluru, by plane, will go)
		+
		+	In English, the additional information is given after the verb.
		+
		+	I will go to Bengaluru tomorrow by plane.
		+
		+	Putting a word at the beginning of a sentence usually emphasizes the word. If one wants to highlight when an action is going to take place, then the words may be interchanged.
		+
		+	Hayeng ei Bengaluru chattoini. (Tomorrow, I, Bengaluru, will go)
		+
		+	Questions asking for additional information regarding the action do not break the order of the sentences. The question words are put where additional information is expected in the answer sentences. So we have word order as:
		+
		+	Subject + Question Word + Action/Verb?
		+
		+	Example: Nung Bengaluru karamkanda chattoino? (You, Bengaluru, when, going)
		+
		+	Answer for the above will be: Ei Bengaluru hayeng chattoini. (I, Bengaluru, tomorrow, will go) (Notice the answer word hayeng replaces question word karamkanda without breaking the order of the words.) The word ‘Bengaluru’ (or such similar additional information in question sentences) would often be dropped in the answer sentence because the person asking the question already knows this.

@@ Line 2,257: / Line 2,257: @@
 taught the art of writing. I understand that the Meithei word
 che = paper is of foreign origin — not Indian.
-=Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language=
+=Particles=
 [http://e-pao.net/epPageExtractor.asp?src=MeiteiMayek.Sentence_Particles_in_Manipuri_Language_By_James_Oinam.html..   James Oinam |  July 29, 2017 | e-pao.net]
@@ Line 2,375: / Line 2,376: @@
 [https://www.chineseboost.com/grammar/shi4-de/ Chinese Boost]
+=Plurals=
 ==Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language ==
 By James Oinam

@@ Line 2,404: / Line 2,404: @@
 For animals and things, the copula word ‘shi’ (which is also used as demonstrative pronoun this) seems to perform this function:
- Hui shi mapu khangba jeeba-ni. (The dog is an animal that knows its master.)
+Hui shi mapu khangba jeeba-ni. (The dog is an animal that knows its master.)
 The noun hui (singular word for dog) does not need the modifier sing to refer to them as a class (although adding sing would also be correct grammatically). I think some kind of respect is implied in the use of sing, which is lacking in the copula shi, hence, its importance when referring to people.
 To form plurals of particular noun groups (of people), nakhoi (you all) or makhaie (probably derived from makhoi, they) are used as nouns with the required singular nouns as adjectives: nupa nakhoi/makhaie (you all men (gender-specific)), agnang nakhoi/makhaie (you all children). As ma (he or she) has no polite counterpart unlike nung (you, which has polite counterpart adom), the derivative nakhoi is not very polite. Hence, in formal conversations, to show respect, nupa/nupi makhaie is preferable to nupa/nupi nakhoi (to say ‘you all men’ or ‘you all women’).

@@ Line 2,259: / Line 2,259: @@
 =Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language=
 [http://e-pao.net/epPageExtractor.asp?src=MeiteiMayek.Sentence_Particles_in_Manipuri_Language_By_James_Oinam.html..   James Oinam |  July 29, 2017 | e-pao.net]
 jamesoinam@gmail.com
 Sentence particles are defined as words that do not have a meaning of their own but perform a function for the entire sentence when used. The Chinese language, and other East Asian languages, particularly those influenced by the Sino-Tibetan, are known to have sentence particles.
@@ Line 2,368: / Line 2,368: @@
 Chinese ‘shi’ can be used to mean many things without any change but Manipuri counterpart seems to change depending on the sentence context.
-References
+'''References'''
 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ck5-PbNWS0U  YouTube]
@@ Line 2,376: / Line 2,376: @@
 [https://www.chineseboost.com/grammar/shi4-de/ Chinese Boost]
 ==Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language ==
 By James Oinam

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%">
-This article is an extract from <br/>
+This long section is an extract from <br/>
 '''THE MEITHEIS'''<br/>
@@ Line 41: / Line 48: @@
 </div>
 |}
 ==The Meitei: Traditions, Superstitions And Folk Tales==

@@ Line 2,184: / Line 2,184: @@
 nang kadei-dagi lakpage = where do you come from.
-===Honorifie forms===
+===Honorific forms===
 The Meithei is a ceremonious person, and,
@@ Line 2,253: / Line 2,253: @@
 taught the art of writing. I understand that the Meithei word
 che = paper is of foreign origin — not Indian.

The Meitei Language and Grammar - Revision history

Pdewan: /* Word Order in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan: /* Particles */

Pdewan: /* Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan: /* Forming Plurals in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan: /* Sentence Particles in Manipuri Language */

Pdewan at 20:30, 21 August 2017

Pdewan: /* Honorifie forms */

Pdewan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"| This article is an extract from '''THE MEITHEIS''' T. C. HODSON Late Assistant Political ..."

Pdewan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |- |colspan="0"|
This article is an extract from
'''THE MEITHEIS'''
T. C. HODSON
Late Assistant Political ..."