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[[Category:India |E]]
[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources |E]]
[[Category:Government |E]]


==The source of this article==
''' INDIA 2012 ''' 

A REFERENCE ANNUAL

'' Compiled by ''

RESEARCH, REFERENCE AND TRAINING DIVISION

PUBLICATIONS DIVISION

MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

=New And Renewable Energy=

India is undergoing a growth with GDP of 8-9% and for this, the commensurate
growth of energy sector is also necessary. Climate change related issues have also
to be addressed without compromising with the development. It is worldwide
recognized that fossil fuels are depleting fast and their excessive use needs to be
curbed. More than 40 percent of population still have no access to electricity. In this
context, the role of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy is vital. India has been
making continuous progress in conventional as well as renewable power generation.


From the year 2002 onwards, renewable grid capacity has increased by almost 5
times, which is about 10.90% of the total grid installed capacity in the country, and
contributing about 4.13% to the electricity generation mix. This compares favorably
with that of European Union (EU) and far exceeds that of the United States (US). In
addition, India's per capita energy use continues to be far below that of industrialized
countries, and per capita CO2eq emissions are almost a third of the world average.
All the sectors of renewable energy are being developed. However, the wind power
programme has been the fastest growing contributing to around 75% of the gridconnected
renewable energy power installed capacity.

''' Ministry of New and Renewable Energy ''' (MNRE) is the nodal Ministry of
Government of India at the national level for all matters relating to new and
renewable energy such as solar, wind, biomass, small hydro, hydrogen, biofuels,
geothermal etc. The endeavour of the Ministry is to promote renewable energy
technologies and increase the contribution of renewable energy in the total energy
mix today and in the years to come as well as to sub-serve the above objectives. The
Ministry has a wide range of programmes on research and development,
demonstration and promotion of renewable energy for rural, urban, commercial
and industrial applications as well as for grid-interactive power generation. 

The
Ministry adopts a three-fold strategy for the development, promotion and use of
renewable energy technologies across the country: a) providing budgetary support
for research, development and demonstration of technologies; b) facilitating
institutional finance through various financial institutions; and c) promoting private
investment through fiscal incentives, tax holidays, depreciation allowance and
remunerative returns for power fed into the grid.

==JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION==
The "Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission" (JNNSM)- one of eight Missions
under National Action Plan on Climate Change was launched by the Prime Minister
on 11th January 2010. The objective of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
(JNNSM) is to set up an enabling environment for solar technology penetration in
the country both at a centralized and decentralized level. With the launch of JNNSM,
policy initiatives have been focused on encouragement to set up commercial projects
by providing generation based incentives for the power fed to the grid through the
mechanism of renewable purchase obligation by utilities backed with a preferential
tariff and at the same time pursuing research & development efforts to develop
indigenous technologies and capacity as well as capabilities in this sector. It aims to
create and enabling policy framework for the development of following solar energy
applications:-
 [[File:  new renewal energy.PNG||frame|500px]]

==Top and Small Plants==
The policy framework of the Mission was finalized after extensive consultation
with stake-holders for (i) new grid connected projects through NVVN, (ii) small off
grid projects through IREDA, (iii) off-grid solar applications through various
Agencies/Channel Partners; and (iv) technical performance and domestic connect
requirements of solar projects. Consequently, on 16th June, 2010. Ministry announced
major Guidelines for 

(I) Roof-top and other small solar power plants connected to
distribution network (below 33 kV), 

(II) Guidelines for implementation of off grid
solar application and guidelines for gird interactive solar power projects on
26th July, 2010. These guidelines provide direction for deployment of both solar PV
and solar thermal technology projects in a ratio of 50:50 in MW capacity terms.

''' NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam (NVVN), ''' the trading subsidiary of NTPC, is
identified as the implementing agency for grid connected solar power generation.

NVVN will purchase solar power from the project developer and bundle with power
from the cheaper unallocated quota of the Government of India (Ministry of Power)
out of the NTPC coal based stations and sell this "bundled" power to Distribution
Utilities. NVVN invited Expressions of Interest in August, 2010 to select 150 MW of
Solar PV projects and 470 MW solar thermal projects, which yielded huge response
by way of an offer of more than 5,000 MW.

==Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) Systems==
===SPV Grid Power===
Out of 1,100 MW capacity for the first phase of the Mission, a total of 797 MW
capacity grid connected solar power projects were selected during 2010-11. The
other developments are as follows :

l 98 MW capacity projects (100 kW too 2 MW each) were selected by Indian
Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA). Ministry would provide
generation based incentive to the concerned state utilities. The tariff for
purchase of solar power by the utilities has been fixed by the respective State
Electricity Regulatory Commission.

l 84 MW capacity by NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam (NVVN) projects were under
migration scheme with tariff facility as fixed by Central Electricity Regulatory
Commission (CERC) for 2010-11.

l 615 MW capacity (470 MW of solar thermal and 145 MW of PV) projects were
selected by NVVN through discounts on CERC tariff. The eligible bids to set
up PV plants have offered discount of Rs. 5.15 to Rs. 6.96 per unit (CERC tariff Rs.
17.91 per unit) and for solar thermal plants, the discount is Rs. 3.07 to Rs. 4.82 per
unit (CERC tariff Rs. 15.31 per unit).

l PPAs and PSAs have been signed for these projects.

l The tariff discounting process has helped in achieving the tariff reduction for
utility gird solar power projects. It is expected that in next few years the tariff
would further lower to accelerate the process of achieving grid tariff parity, as
envisaged in the Mission.

Currently, diesel generating sets are being used in rural and urban areas to provide
power during power outrages and in those areas where grid power quality makes
it imperative to operate machines on quality power. In such situations, small wind
and hybrid systems, biomass gasifiers and SPV roof top power plant scan be sued
to produce power to replace diesel.

==Off-Grid and Decentralized SPV Application==
In addition to the grid solar power access to energy and meeting the unmet demand
especially in the rural areas has been given importance under the mission. A new
scheme has been introduced to provide a combination of subsidy (30%) and loan
(5% annual interest rate) to individuals and new commercial users for purchase of
solar lights and other small solar PV systems. Regional Rural Banks continued to be
associated in this scheme. Ministry will provide funds to NABARD through refinancing
for onward lending to the consumers at 5% annual interest rate. 

During
2010-11, 18 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) sanctioned loan for 57328 solar PV systems.
These Banks have 4687 branches in 150 districts. It is expected that during 2011-12,
the Regional Rural Banks would be able to sanction loan for about 2 lakh solar lights.
During 2010-11, the Ministry supported installation of off-grid solar PV systems
in the States for a wide range of applications. This includes SPV systems for all
9,168 Panchayats in Rajasthan, Schools, Tribal Hostels, Police Stations/Posts, home
and street lights in SC/ST and minority dominated areas. About 18,224 solar lanterns,
1,13,817 solar home lighting systems, 26,472 SPV street lighting, 4278.03 Kwp
capacity Stand alone solar power plants were installed. Solar off-grid PV projects of
an aggregate capacity of 40.60 MW have been sanctioned.

The State driven approach followed for the smaller grid projects have helped
in tariff fixation by 17 States and selection of 78 projects from 12 States. IREDA has
selected 78 project developers to set up 98 MW capacity projects. Power Purchase
Agreements (PPAs) have been signed by the project developers with the respective
State utilities. One year time has been given for commissioning of the projects. Many
project developers have selected their EPC contractors.

For various off-grid applications of solar energy, using the capital subsidy
and/or interest IREDA has entered into umbrella refinance agreements with
NABARD, National Housing Bank and Central Bank of India to provide refinance
to the interested banks to enable them to offer loans to consumers at 5% annual
interest rate. 53 grid connected solar power projects of 797 MW capacity have been
identified which comprised 16 projects of 84 MW capacity selected in July, 2010 by
NVVN under the migration scheme at CERC tariff and 37 projects of 620 MW
capacity (7 projects of 470 MW of solar thermal and 30 projects of 150 MW of PV)
projects selected by NVVN through discounts on CERC tariff. Ministry has approved
new projects of 35 MW capacity under the SPV off-grid solar applications, against
a target of 32 MW for the year 2010.

==SOLAR THERMALAPPLICATION==
===Solar Water Heating Systems===
Solar water heating is a very important system for reducing electricity consumption
by replacing electric geysers in domestic houses. This needs to be adopted in a very
big way. States are being encouraged to enact/issue necessary orders with model
regulations and building bye-laws for use of solar water heaters. 109 Municipal
Corporation/Municipal Committees in 21 States have amended their building byelaws
and several have even provided rebate in property tax and electricity bills for
installation of solar water heating systems. 

An energy labeling scheme similar to
the star rating scheme for air conditioners and refrigerators is also planned to
promote efficient solar water heaters. Efforts are also being made to promote solar
water establishments. Various user ministries such as Urban Development, Tourism,
Defence, Railways, Textiles, Health, Food Processing Industries, etc. have been
approached for adoption of solar water heating as part of the energy infrastructure
under their respective sectors. A total of about 10.0 lakh m2 of solar collector area
was installed in the year, 2010-11, taking the cumulative installation to about
4.97million m2.

==Solar Air Heating/Steam Generating Systems==
Solar Steam Generating Systems have found good application for air conditioning
also at places where conventional fuel is used to operate vapour absorption machines.
Specially designed and customized systems have been set up at a hospital in Thane
and a motorcycle manufacturing factory near Chennai. Solar air conditioning
systems using concentrating technology are efficient and require less space. During
2010-11, six systems with collector area of around 600 sq.mtr were sanctioned.

Thirteen solar steam generating systems (including systems on solar cooling and
laundry/process heat applications) and 21 indoor community cookers covering
around 4000sq.m of dish area were sanctioned in 7 States. This is another area which
Ministry is promoting particularly for large cooking institutions—philanthropic,
religious, educational, hospitals and hotels. The Solar Steam Cooking system for
20,000 people at Shirdi, Maharashtra is under operation successfully.

==RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR RURALAPPLICATIONS==
==Remote Village Electrification (RVE) Programme==
For providing basic lighting/electricity facilities through renewable energy sources
under Remote Village Electrification (RVE) Programme, special priority has been
accorded to villages affected by internal disturbances. During 2010-11, 1537 remote
villages and hamlets have been provided solar home-lighting systems under the
programme, taking the cumulative achievement to 8,104 remote villages and remote
hamlets.

==National Biogas and Manure Management Programme==
The programme of the Ministry mainly caters to setting up of family type biogas
plants for meeting the cooking energy needs as well as providing a means of enriched
organic biogas fertilizer in rural areas of the country and rural sanitation as well.
During the financial year 2010-11, 1,51,138 family type biogas plants were installed
across the country, taking the cumulative installations to over 44 lakh biogas fertilizer
plants, thereby providing the benefit of clean cooking and lighting fuel and organic
Biogas-fertilizer to 4.4 million rural households/farmers for not only sustaining
soil fertility but also to enhance crop productivity.

The Ministry is also promoting bottling of biogas to demonstrate an Integrated
Technology-package in entrepreneurial mode on medium size (200-1000 (cum/day)
mixed feed biogas-fertilizer plants (BGFP) for generation, purification/enrichment,
bottling and piped distribution of biogas. Fifteen such projects with aggregated
capacity of 11,200 cubic metre per day have been sanctioned in the States of Bihar,
Chattisgarh, Gurajat, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Punjab, Rajasthan upto
31st March 2011.

==Biogas Based Distributed/Grid Power Generation Programmes (BGFP)==
Biogas based power plants are a reliable decentralized power generation option in
the country, especially in the capacity range of 3 KW to 250 KW, to provide electricity
to individual/community/grid. The projects are taken up by any village level
organization, institution and private entrepreneurs in rural areas based on the
availability of large quantity of animal waste and other waste for generation of
electricity for individual/community/gird etc. on mutually agreeable terms. The
programme is being implemented through State Nodal Departments/Agencies of
the States/UTs districts. 358 nos. of projects with aggregated power generation
capacity of 6.75 MW having cumulative biogas generation capacity of 66,397 m3
have been sanctioned in 18 States of which 113 plants with aggregate capacity of
1.27 MW have been commissioned upto March, 2011.
==Biomass Gasifier==
The Ministry is taking forward electrification of villages in paddy growing areas
through gasification of rice husk. Rice husk based biomass gasification projects of
32 Kw gasifier systems with 100 per cent producer gas engines in 50 village/hamlets
of East and West Champaran, Mazuffarpur districts of Bihar have been installed
which are providing off-grid power to villages of 500-700 households through each
system. The Projects are on Build, Own and Operate basis on a sustainable business
model.

The Ministry has revised its scheme to facilitate such systems and greatly
upscale reach. Other companies and individuals are trying to replicate in other
districts of Bihar-Araria, Chhapra, Buxar, etc. This has great potential and will be a
major area of activity for the Ministry in next few years. Efforts will also be made to
power irrigation pumps in these areas. Efforts are on to install biomass gasifier
systems using pine needles, forest weeds such as lantana for generation of power in
hilly and forest area. Ministry is also pursuing setting up of small grid connected
power plant at the tail end of the grid linked with dedicated energy plantations on
degraded lands. Such projects would benefit the rural areas.
==HYDRO POWER==
===Micro Hydel===
In order to utilize the micro hydel resources in remote hilly areas, the Ministry
introduced a new scheme, with higher levels of subsidy for watermills and micro
hydel projects up to 100 kW capacity. Micro hydel projects in international border
districts have been given increased CFA of Rs. 1,00,000/- per kW.
Development/Upgradation of Water Mills

560 watermills have been set up/upgraded for mechanical/electrical output in the
States of Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu and
Uttarakhand during the year. 2000 watermills and 56 micro hydel projects have
been sanctioned to the State of Jammu & Kashmir for meeting the mechanical and
electrical needs of rural communities.
===Small Hydro Power (SHP)===
A total of 5718 potential sites with an aggregate capacity of 15,384 MW have so far
been identified in the country. A new, more attractive, scheme is in operation to
provide financial support to SHP projects, both in public and private sector including
support for renovation and modernization of old SHP projects, development of
watermills and micro hydel projects. So far, 821 small hydro projects aggregating to
3,042 MW have been set up in various parts of the country. Out of this, 285 private
sector SHP projects with an aggregate capacity of 1,423 MW have been set up mainly
in Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab and
Uttarakhand. 

During the year 2011, 81 SHP projects aggregating to 307 MW capacities
were commissioned. In addition, 369 projects of 1192 MW are at various stages of
implementation. It is important that the hill states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu &
Kashmir and Uttarakhand take steps to quickly realize the small hydro potential as
these projects do not disturb the environment and have a short gestation period.
Renewable Energy for Urban Applications
==Green Buildings==
Buildings are major consumers of energy in their construction, operation and
maintenance. Globally, about 40% of energy consumption is estimated to be in
building sector. At present, India is experiencing the heavy construction activities
in all spheres, thereby the energy demand is increasing rapidly. This is also due to
rapidly growing urbanization and the increasing affordability of the people.
A green building depletes the natural resources to a minimum during its
construction and operation, minimizes the demand on fossil fuel based energy,
maximizes the recycle, reuse, renewable energy and energy efficient devices &
appliances. Green buildings also use energy efficient equipments and fixtures,
efficient waste and water management practices. It has lower resource consumption
as compared to conventional buildings.

Ministry is promoting Green Building's construction in the country and
supporting GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Sustainable Habitat), a Green
building Rating System through some financial and promotional incentives based
on a scheme on "Energy Efficient Solar/Green Buildings" since February 2009.
Ministry has created ADARSH an independent registered society for
promotion and implementation of GRIHA rating system. Committee of Secretaries
has taken a decision that all new buildings of Central Government/Public Sector
Undertakings would be GRIHA rated buildings. 

The Ministry is also developing
guidelines and benchmarks for Green Large Area Developments. So far, 117 projects
have already been registered for GRIHA rating certification with 4.98 million sq. m
built up area out of which 81 projects are from Government Departments, Public
Sector Undertakings (PSU), Educational Institutions including All India Institutes
of Medical Sciences, with a total 3.38 million square meters built up area.

The focus is on capacity building through Awareness Programme and
Evaluators & Trainers Workshops for providing training to the Architects, Engineers,
Professionals and Officials from Central & State Governments and PSUs in which
115 Trainers and 115 Evaluators have been trained who are further promoting green
buildings in the country. So far, 5 buildings, namely, Suzlon One Earth, Pune (5
star), Police Training School, Tasgaon (4 star), Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, New
Delhi (3 star) and Hindustan Unilever Limited, Mumbai (2 star) have also been
rated under GRIHA. So far, GRIHA manuals containing a set of 5 volumes prepared
under MNRE project has been published.
==Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Wastes==
As per decision of Hon'ble Supreme Court, only five pilot projects for power
generation from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) are to be provided financial support.
The Ministry has sanctioned 8 MW capacity MSW based project at Bangalore which
is under implementation and is likely to be commissioned in January 2012. A 16
MW capacity project at Okhla, New Delhi and 11 MW project at Hyderabad are
also likely to be completed early. One project of 12 MW capacity at Gazipur, New
Delhi and a 10 MW capacity at Pune are also under development. However, the
problem of segregation of waste remains the biggest barrier to upscale such projects.
===Energy Recovery From Urban Waste===
A project of 1.2 MW capacity cattle dung based power project has been sanctioned
and is under installation at Pariyat, Jabalpur. Two projects of 4 MW each based on
agro wastes are under installation in Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur district of Punjab.
Projects for generation of 400 kW from cattle dung and agricultural waste at five
Gaushalas in Haryana are under development.

In view of the availability of large quantities of food and kitchen waste at
places of community cooking/large kitchens and eating joints, Ministry has initiated
a new project for biogas production from such waste under its modified scheme on
Special Area Demonstration Projects. Fifty per cent support is given for government
establishments and 25 per cent for private establishments under the scheme.
==Renewable Energy Application in Industry==
These include energy recovery and power generation from industrial wastes and
biomass co-generation (non-bagasse) in industries.


==Energy Recovery and Power Generation from Industrial Wastes==
22 industrial waste-to-energy projects with a total capacity of about 31.2 MW were
completed during 2010-11. These include one grid connected poultry litter based
project 7.5 MW capacity in Andhra Pradesh, 12 projects of 5.7 MW capacity based
on biogas in maize/sagostarch, industry waste in Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Chhatigarh
and Uttarkhand, 6 biogas based projects of 14.50 MW capacity in distrilleries in the
States of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan, one project based on mix of press
mud, fruit & vegetable waste in Maharashtra, one project in paper mill in Punjab
and one project in palm fruit based project in Andhra Pradesh. Fifteen industrial
waste-to- energy projects with a total capacity of about 20 MW in starch industries,
distilleries and poultry are under installation in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,
Kanataka and Uttar Pradesh.
==Biomass Energy and Cogeneration (Non-Bagasse) in Industry==
In order to generate process steam and power from biomass for captive consumption,
a total of 26 biomass co-generation projects with a total capacity of about 80.7 MW
were completed during the year 2010-11. These include projects in paper and rice
mills, solvent extraction plants, and brewery, food and tyre industries. In addition
to the above, 11 projects with an aggregate capacity of about 31 MW capacity are
under installation in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil
Nadu. There is a huge potential of cogeneration in bigger rice mills producing
parboiled rice. A rice mill of one tonne per hour capacity can save about 25,000 litre
diesel in a year. The Ministry is trying to take this up as a mission mode in Haryana,
Punjab, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
==Biomass Gasifier Systems==
About 120 rice mills have installed biomass gasifier systems retrofitted with diesel
generator using rice husk for meeting their captive power needs in Bihar, Uttar
Pradesh and West Bengal. In addition, many gasifier systems have been installed
for meeting captive power and thermal application in other industries such as
bakeries, food processing industries, die-casting, etc.
==Biomass Power/Bagasse Cogeneration==
During 2010-11, biomass power/bagasse cogeneration capacity addition of 465 MW
(143 MW biomass projects and 322 MW bagasse cogeneration projects) was achieved
in the States of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu,
Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. The cumulative biomass power/ bagasse
cogeneration based power capacity has reached 2,665 MW, which comprises 997
MW of biomass power projects and 1668 MW of bagasse cogeneration projects.
Adoption of optimum cogeneration projects in cooperative/public sector sugar
mills by Independent Power Producers on BOOT basis has been adopted by
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Punjab. 

The Govt. of Maharashtra under Urjakur
Trust initiative, Tamil Nadu Electricity Board and Sugarfed, Punjab are developing
cogeneration power projects at selected co-operative sugar mills under BOOT basis.
These three models will help to overcome the barriers of co-operative/Public Sector
sugar mills and have excellent potential for replicability in other sugar producing
States such as Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh.
==WIND POWER==
===Grid Interactive Wind Power===
The Wind Power Programme of the Ministry aims to catalyze commercialization of
both grid interactive and off-grid wind power. The programme includes wind power
generation; survey and assessment of wind resources; research & development;
demonstration and field-testing of various wind power generating devices. India
has a wind power potential of over 4,195 MW with 2% land availability in potential
areas for setting up wind farms. The Wind Resource Assessment Programme which
is being coordinated by the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), Chennai
has so far covered 28 States and Union Territories. So far, 234 stations have been
found to have Wind power density in excess of 200 W/m2 at 50 m height and are
considered to be suitable for commercial wind power installations.

A total capacity of 14,550 MW has been established up to May 2011, mainly in
Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharahstra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Rajasthan. Wind
electric generators of unit sizes between 225 kW and 2.50 MW have been deployed
across the country. During 2010-11, a capacity of 2,330 MW was added. India ranks
5th in the world after USA, Spain, Germany and China. Wind Electric Generators
are being manufactured in the country by 18 manufacturers.

Government is promoting wind power development through fiscal and
financial incentives which includes concessions such as 80% accelerated depreciation,
concessional custom duty on certain items, excise duty exemption, sales tax
exemption, income tax exemption for 10 years on the profit, etc. In addition, most
states are offering preferential tariffs for electricity generated from wind power
projects which do not avail accelerated depreciation benefit.
===Small Wind Energy and Hybrid Systems===
Small Wind Energy and Hybrid System was modified during the year to align it to
market mode with active involvement of manufacturers and beneficiaries. During
2010-11, 6 manufacturing companies having a total of 11 models of small
aerogenerators were empanelled with Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET).
Systems with cumulative capacity of around 600 kW have been sanctioned so far,
mainly in the States of Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Punjab
and Sikkim. A pilot project of 45 kW wind-solar hybrid system has been sanctioned
during 2010-11 to C-WET to be commissioned and operated in grid-connected mode.


==TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS==
The following specialized institutions function under the administrative control of
the Ministry:

===Solar Energy Centre (SEC)===
Solar Energy Centre (SEC), a research and technology evaluation facility of the
Ministry, works on science and engineering aspects of solar energy technologies.
The Ministry is upgrading Solar Energy Centre as a centre of excellence under the
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM). Steps are being taken to upgrade
the building infrastructure of SEC, on the basis of energy efficient green building
design principles with incorporation of renewable energy and would be GRIHA
rated. The SEC has received NABL accreditation.

The Centre continued its research activities for developing, testing and
certifying solar thermal and solar photovoltaic devices, systems and components.
It has been upgrading its testing equipment on a regular basis to meet national and
international standards. Few major activities undertaken by the Centre includedevelopment
of Concentrated Solar Thermal (CST) parabolic dish technology for
steam generation, a modular central receiver concentrated solar power (CSP) plant
for decentralized power generation, Solar thermal test and evaluation facility
(STTEF) and installation of a state-of-the-art class 'A' Solar cell tester as well as
Spectral Response (SR) system, performance evaluation of solar lanterns, home
lighting systems, street lighting system, luminaries and charge controllers based on
Light Emitting Diode (LED) as well as Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL), and design
& development of batteries for solar photovoltaic applications.

SEC has developed a high efficiency solar thermal air conditioning system in
collaboration with Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI),
Durgapur, West Bengal and M/s Thermax Ltd., Pune, Maharashtra, at its campus
with 50% financial support from the Ministry. This has cost effective high efficiency
cooling engine with COP of 1.7, indigenous components for vapor absorption
machine and medium temperature solar concentrating collectors with improved
efficiency including integration of the components to achieve consistent performance
of the system. This will be a landmark development in solar air conditioning
technology.

Work on development of secondary solar cells and modules was taken up for
making indigenous reference standards available to the manufacturers and users
continued in CEL, IACS and SEC related to fabrication of appropriate cells and
modules, calibration facilities and protocols. SEC continued to host visits of
researchers, students, officials and other dignitaries from the country and abroad
and the Scientists from laboratories in USA, UK, Japan and Germany visited SEC
research facility to develop interactive programmes.
===Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET)===
Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), Chennai is envisioned to serve as a
technical focal point of excellence to foster the development of wind energy in the
country. It is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy. C-WET comprises of five units, functionally organized as Research and
Development, Wind Resource Assessment; Wind Turbine Testing, Standards and
Certification, and Information, Training & Commercial services. It has its test beds
and experimental wind farm at Wind Turbine Research Station (WTRS), Kayathar,
Tuticorin District of Tamil Nadu.

Each unit has a charter that fulfills overall objectives set for C-WET. The
functioning of each unit is so organized that while keeping the independence at the
operational level intact, they supplement and complement each other's activities to
give holistic solutions to stakeholder.

l A wind energy forecasting project for a 600 kW experimental wind turbine
which was taken up earlier by C-WET is at the verge of closure and results
are being analyzed.

l Renewal of Provisional Type Certification of three wind turbine models
was completed. In addition one certification project has been completed.

l Preparation of Indian Wind Atlas in association with Riso National
Laboratory, Denmark using micro and meso scale models, and wind
resource assessment studies at different locations, has been completed and
the book has been published.

===Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Renewable Energy (SSS-NIRE)===
The establishment of this Institute is in its final stages. All the sanctioned posts (10
nos.) of the Institute have been filled up. Work for setting up of various biomass
laboratories for R&D purposes and testing is in progress. The R & D activities have
been initiated.

===Financial Institution-Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA)===
Loans aggregating about Rs 3126.42 crore were sanctioned during the year 2010-11
compared to Rs 1823.91 crore in FY 2009-10. The loan sanctions would lead to the
establishment of power projects of 639 MW capacity compared to the previous year
capacity addition of 402 MW. The actual disbursements in 2010-11 were Rs 1224.17
crore compared to Rs 890. 03 crore in FY 2009-10. The cumulative sanctions and
disbursements were Rs 15305.91 crore and Rs 7,868.25 crore respectively.

IREDA has been upgraded by the Ministry upon the recommendations of
Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public
Enterprises from Schedule "C" Company to Schedule "B" Company.
===Research & Development and New Technologies===
Research & Development efforts of the Ministry are focused to lead to improvement
of efficiency, cost reduction, reliability, durability of the new and renewable energy
devices and systems. During the year 2010-11, 22 nos. of R&D projects have been
recommended for approval. These projects include 13 nos of RD&D projects in
technology demonstration of biogas and strengthening Test Centres of improved
biomass cookstoves and demonstration of improved cookstoves and 7 projects in
biofuel. 

The projects taken up include advanced research and demonstration of
higher efficiency solar cells, solar cells, solar thermal power generation, advance
research in biomass energy including development of specifications, test protocols
and standards of biomass energy system, hydrogen energy storage and fuel cells
development, development and deployment of improved biomass cookstoves, etc.
==INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION==
International co-operation activities on development and deployment of new and
renewable energy technologies were actively pursued on bilateral and multilateral
platforms. The major activities included Minister level bilateral discussions with
dignitaries from Australia, European Commission for Climate Action, Islamic
Republic of Iran, Bangladesh, Norway, U.K., Denmark, Uruguay and Iceland.
Interactions with multilateral organizations, i.e., National Renewable Energy
Laboratory (NREL), USA, UNIDO International Solar Energy Centre (ISEC), Gansu,
ETP Expert, discussions with Spain on policy experience in the context of newly
launched National Solar Mission (NSM) and bilateral discussions about enhancing
cooperation with Spain in the field of Renewable Energy as a follow up of the MoU
signed by the two countries.

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed on 19th May, 2010
between Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) and Sweden for
cooperation in the field of Renewable Energy.

Delhi International Renewable Energy Conference 2010 (DIREC) with the aim
of up-scaling and mainstreaming renewals for energy security climate change and
economic development was held in October, 2010 which was attended by Ministers
and Government Representatives from 71 countries. During the sidelines of the
above Conference, 24 bilateral meetings/call on meetings took place with the
Minister of New and Renewable Energy. The Conference adopted a political
declaration. All the participating countries welcomed the Delhi International Action
Programme that encourages governments, international organizations, private
companies, industry associations, and civil society organizations to take voluntary
action for up-scaling renewable energy within their jurisdiction or spheres of
responsibility.

[[File:  new renewal energy1.PNG||frame|500px]]
=See also =
[[Power: India, 1]]

[[Power: India, 2 (ministry data)]]

[[Energy: India]]

[[Coal: India]]   

[[Green (renewable) energy: India, 1]] 

[[Green (renewable) energy: India, 2 (ministry data)]] 

[[Petroleum, diesel, natural gas, India: I]]

[[Petroleum, diesel, natural gas, India, II (ministry data)]]