Revision as of 10:20, 16 December 2020

This is a collection of articles archived for the excellence of their content.

BMI

As in 2019

Malathy Iyer, Indian teens rank low on BMI, among the shortest: Study, November 8, 2020: The Times of India

The BMI of 19-year-olds in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka in 2019.
From: Malathy Iyer, Indian teens rank low on BMI, among the shortest: Study, November 8, 2020: The Times of India

While authorities claim Indian children are not as malnourished or stunted as they used to be until a decade ago, a global analysis of data spanning 34 years from 200 countries ranked India at the 196th place with respect to BMI (body mass index). The normal BMI ranges between 20 and 25.

The country’s 19-year-old boys and girls have a BMI of 20.1 compared with, say, China that ranks 88th with its boys having a BMI of 23 and 119th for its girls at 22.2.

As BMI is a function of height, the corollary is that Indian teens are also among the shortest in the world. The review, published in the international medical journal ‘The Lancet’, said India’s boys ranked 180th with an average height of 5.46 feet while girls ranked 182th with an average height of 5.06 feet.

China performed better with regards to height as well. Its 19-year-old boys today were 8cm taller than they were in 1985, with their global rank changing from 150th tallest in 1985 to 65th in 2019. China’s 19-year-olds, on an average, are 5.76-foot tall; Chinese girls were 54th on the global chart, with an average height of 5.35 feet.

“Poor nutrition in school years may have created a 20cm height gap across nations,” said the analysis led by Imperial College London. This 20cm difference between 19-yearolds in the tallest and shortest nations represented an eightyear growth gap for girls and a six-year growth gap for boys, said the study’s authors.

“For instance, the study revealed that the average 19-year-old girl in Bangladesh and Guatemala (the nations with the world’s shortest girls) is the same height as an average 11-year-old girl in the Netherlands, the nation with the tallest boys and girls,” said the authors in a statement .

They listed highly variable childhood nutrition, especially a lack of quality food, as the reason for stunted growth and for a rise in childhood obesity, affecting a child's health and wellbeing for their entire life.

Experts in India blamed malnutrition caused either due to a liking for nutritionally-deficient fast foods in urban areas or due to poverty in rural India. “There is a great disparity in height and weight in various regions of India, the biggest denominators being urban and rural habitat and socio economic statum,” said Delhi-based endocrinologist Dr Anoop Misra.

He said rural children in India had poor nutrition because of low protein and essential micronutrient intake, while urban children hailing from upper socio-economic strata have excess carbohydrates and saturated fats. “The former have low BMI and insufficient height, and latter have better height and BMI and many of them are obese,” added Dr Misra.

Height

The Times of India, Aug 14, 2016

Subodh Varma

Indians growing taller, but fall short in world order

The average Indian is taller than his/her parents, but that's not saying much. Between 1914 and 2014, the average height of Indian men increased by about 3cm to reach 165cm (5'5") while women grew taller by 5cm to become 153cm (5'1"). This leaves our men about 17.5cm shorter than the world's tallest males in the Netherlands, while Latvian women, the world's tallest, tower above our women by 17cm. These findings emerge from a massive study of human height measurements involving 1,470 earlier studies covering over 18.6 million participants in 200 countries. The study was conducted by more than 800 researchers and led by scientists from Imperial College, London. Most countries have shown an increase in height over the past century, with Iranian men and South Korean women shooting up most-by 16.5cm and 20.2cm. But the once-tall Americans-placed third among men and fourth among women in 1914-slipped to 37th and 42nd place in 2014. Overall, the ten tallest nations in 2014 were dominated by European countries, and featured no English-speaking nation. Why have some nations shot up while others have not? Environmental factors are important in determining average heights of populations, James Bentham of Imperial College told.

"Factors such as good nutrition, clean water supply, avoidance of childhood infections, and a mother's health during pregnancy affect how much these children grow. We believe that the relatively small gains in height in India are likely to be due to some or all of these factors," he said. In India, the nutrition board under National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) measured the height of Indian rural men and women at regular intervals between 1975-79 and 2011-12. There was a marginal increase of 1.2cm among men and only 1cm among women, study co-author Dr A Laxmaiah of NIN told TOI. The heights of earlier years were estimated from these records.

Although low height gains in India reflect poor nutritional levels and high disease prevalence, children today are much taller than their parents were at the same age. This has been revealed in studies by Harshpal Singh Sachdev, senior pediatrician at Sitaram Bhartia Institute, comparing children with their parents. "Our data shows that children aged between 5 and 13 years are on average 5.5cm to 7.5cm taller than their parents at the same age 30 years ago. Obviously, they are still in a growing phase and the difference will increase. These changes are comparable to or greater than those seen in developed countries at a similar stage of socio-economic development about 50 years ago," he said.

How much role does heredity play? Sachdev says that there are 200 genes associated with height but their net contribution in determining adult height is about 10%. "Though genetic factors play an important role in determining height at individual level, environmental factors such as income, age-specific balanced diet, sanitation, health facilities may exploit genetic potential," said Laxmaiah. Confirming this, Bentham said that if all populations across the world lived in the same environment, it's likely there would be some differences in mean height between certain populations, but we would not see the 20-23cm gap between the tallest and shortest countries witnessed at present.

Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for men

Country	1896	1996
Afghanistan	127	175
Bangladesh	169	185
Bhutan	124	174
China	130	93
India	101	178
Maldives	188	142
Myanmar	178	181
Nepal	177	195
Pakistan	47 (yes, 047)	153
Sri Lanka	183	170
Tibet/ No data

Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for women

Country	1896	1996
Afghanistan	151	168
Bangladesh	197	198
Bhutan	171	187
China	134	87
India	163	192
Maldives	189	169
Myanmar	178	177
Nepal	187	197
Pakistan	116	185
Sri Lanka	179	172
Tibet/ No data

What is a cohort?

A cohort

is a group of people with a shared characteristic; and

is a group of people used in a study who have something (such as age or social class--in this case, height) in common.

Explanation

The column '1896' indicates the rank of the country's people in the matter of their Average Height in the year 1896.

The column '1996' indicates the rank of the country's people in the matter of their Average Height in the year 1996.

200 countries were surveyed.

The entire original article can be read at E Life Sciences, from which the two tables given above have been extracted manually. Omissions, if any, may please be sent as messages to the Facebook community, Indpaedia.com. All information used will be gratefully acknowledged in your name.

Acknowledgement

The information about Height in this section has been taken from the article

A century of trends in adult human height: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Published: July 26, 2016. Study author– Prof Majid Ezzati. Other authors: James Bentham et al, mostly of the Imperial College London, United Kingdom.

Cite as eLife 2016;5:e13410.

Penis size

Daily Mirror’s report…

Zahra Mulroy, Daily Mirror, UK, 19 Aug 2016

The world 'penis size' map has been invented and it shows how the average manhood measures up

It's often said size doesn't matter, but it clearly did enough for someone to make this interactive map

And in case you lie awake at night, tormenting yourself wondering about global penis sizes, then rest easy. Someone has come up with a map of the world with such a twist.

Target Map World map shows how your manhood measures up compared to other countries

Yes, Target Map "have created the colour-coded graphic which shows the different sizes of men’s manhood depending on where they’re from" reports the Sun.

The best bit? It's interactive. Meaning you can swoop in, compare sizes and judge to your heart's content.

So how do the world's (approx) 3,400,000,000 adult males measure up against one another?

Well, the competition is stiff.

[Mirror's Nicola Oakley asked] Why do classical statues of men always have small penises? There's an interesting explanation... [Indpaedia’s explanation: Classical statues show flaccid and not erect penises because it would be indecorous to show erect penises--and because at 12.18 cm/ 4.8 in. and 12.5cm / 4.9 in. respectively the Greeks and Romans are not very big guys anyway.]

African, South American and Caribbean nations dominate the top ten with the men down under in Australia not far behind.

As with all things comparative sadly, someone has to come last and that's taken by Thailand, Singapore and North Korea.

Bottom 10 countries

Average erect penis size in inches

Thailand 3.7

Nepal 3.7

North Korea 3.8

Cambodia 4

Sri Lanka 4.3

South Korea 4.3

Pakistan 4.4

Hong Kong 4.4

Bangladesh 4.4

Singapore 4.5

… was cited incorrectly in India

…leading to nationwide glumness.

Therefore, Indpaedia first checked Daily Mirror’s report in the original and found that either an Indian newspaper had cited it incorrectly OR the Mirror website had subsequently corrected its earlier report.

Therefore, Indpaedia went to the original source, Target Map, itself, and painstakingly compiled the table below, so that the Indians and Afghans can stand erect in the comity of nations and the Nepalese, Pakistanis and other South Asians are reassured in the knowledge that what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.

Indpaedia readers are encouraged to visit these two sites, and additional information gained from them may please be sent as messages (not Timeline posts) to the Facebook community, Indpaedia.com. All information used will be gratefully acknowledged in your name.

The actual South Asian sizes

Country	Length of erect penis in cm. (SUM)	Length of erect penis in inches	Circumference of erect penis in cm.	Circumference of erect penis in inches	*Volume (nr^2L) in*	Source
Afghanistan	13.69	5.4	11.42	4.5	142	Journal of Urology
Bangladesh	11.2	4.4	10.48	4.13	97.9	Lynn et al 2012
Bhutan/ No data
China	12.9	5.1	11.14	4.39	127.4	Chen XB, Li RX
India	13.01	5.1	11.46	4.51	136	K.Promodum et al
Maldives/ No data
Myanmar/ No data
Nepal	9.3	3.7	11.87	4.67	104.3	Genital Size Survey
Pakistan	11.05	4.4	11.75	4.63	121.4	Genital Size Survey
Sri Lanka	10.89	4.3	10.99	4.33	104.7	Genital Size Survey
Tibet/ No data

Waist-to-hip ratio

==India: 2019-20 Malathy Iyer, December 15, 2020: The Times of India

In a measure of how unhealthy women in the child-bearing age are in Mumbai, the latest National Family Health Survey of India found that more than half of them have a waist-tohip ratio that is linked to higher risk for non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.

The NFHS-5 found 54.5% women in the 15-49 age group in Mumbai city and 58.3% in Mumbai suburban have a waist-to-hip ratio of over 0.85, which is the ideal ratio according to the World Health Organisation In Maharashtra, 44.5% of the women and 40.7% of the men in the 15-49 age group have higher ratio. A closer look at Maharashtra’s statistics, though, show that the ratio is worse in urban areas (51.5% women and 43.2% men) than in rural areas (38.6% women and 38.7% men).

J&K seemed to have the worst proportion (89.2% women and 66% men), followed by Bengal (80.1% and 60.5%) and Kerala (70.1 and 57.2% men). While 51.1% of Goa’s women in the 15-19 age group had higher-than-ideal ratio, only 34.2% of its men fell in the unhealthy category.

These are the first phase of the NFHS-5 (conducted in 2019-20) released by the union health ministry last week, covering 22 states and union territories. Waist-to-hip ratio is important because it measures the fat around the abdomen and an early indicator of a slew of chronic lifestyle diseases. Delhi-based endocrinologist Dr Anoop Misra said a waist-to-hip ratio of over .8 for women and .9 for men is indicative of cardiometabolic problems. Cardiometabolic syndrome — now recognised as a disease by the WHO — is a combination of dysfunctions characterised by insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and central adiposity. These dysfunctions lead to diabetes, hypertension and heart problems. Moreover, international studies have shown that certain ethnic groups such as Indians and African-Americans have high-risk waist-tohip ratio. Endocrinologist Dr Shashank Joshi blamed increased gadgetisation and westernation for the fact that half of the men and women in the productive age group had higher WHR. Dr Misra said the abdominal fat deposit can’t be reduced with regular exercise and dieting. “It has been established that Indians need to do take extra measures to reduce abdominal fat,’’ he added.

Miss India winners: 2015, Anatomical measurements/ Body proportions: South Asia

Revision as of 10:20, 16 December 2020

Contents

BMI

As in 2019

Height

Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for men

Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for women

What is a cohort?

Explanation

Acknowledgement

Penis size

Daily Mirror’s report…

… was cited incorrectly in India

The actual South Asian sizes

Waist-to-hip ratio

Personal tools

Namespaces

Variants

Views

Actions

Search

Navigation

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-''' This page will continue to be updated  every time an Indian beauty queen gets a significant place in an international pageant'''
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-[[File: 2015 finalists.jpg|Miss India 2015: the finalists.  This picture is the property of BCCI/ The Times of India group/ Indiatimes.com/ Femina/ fbb. © BCCL 2015 [http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/photos/unveiling-the-fbb-femina-miss-india-2015-finalists/eventshow/46489198.cms ''The Times of India''] <br/>''' Top ''' (left to right):  Apeksha Porwal, Aishwarya Goel, Meghna Mitall, Minash Ravuthar, Sushrii Shreya Mishra, Tanya Hope, Akanksha Gautam, Medhika Priya Singhal, Chahat Dalal, Ruchira Mookerjee <br/>
-'''In the first row ''' (left to right): Sushruthi Krishna, Rushali Rai, Aditi Arya, Diksha Singh, Pranati Prakash, Aafreen Vaz, Rewati Chetri, Deeksha Gautam, Naveli Deshmukh <br/>
-''' In the second row ''' (left to right) Vartika Singh, Rakshitha Harimurthy <br/>
-''' Photographer: ''' Vikram Bawa <br/>
-''' Stylist: '''  Kavita Lakhani <br/>
-''' Designers: '''  Rohit Gandhi and Rahul Khanna <br/>
-''' Make up and hair: ''' Team Dessange <br/>
-''' Hospitality Partner: ''' Sofitel Mumbai |frame|500px]]
-[[File:  Aafreen Vaz2.jpg| Aafreen Vaz. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
-[[File: Aafreen Rachel Vaz.jpg| Aafreen Rachel Vaz, Miss Supranational 2015 Asia and Oceania |frame|centre|500px]]
-[[File:  Aditi Arya1.jpg| Aditi Arya. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File: Vartika.png|Miss India 2015: Vartika, a finalist [http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/super-judge-contest-2015/missindia2015poll.cms ''The Times of India'']|frame|left|500px]]
-[[File:  Aishwarya Goel.jpg| Aishwarya Goel. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File: Collage 15a.png|Miss India 2015: the finalists [http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/super-judge-contest-2015/missindia2015poll.cms ''The Times of India''] |frame|500px]]
-[[File: Collage 15b.png|Miss India 2015: the finalists [http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/super-judge-contest-2015/missindia2015poll.cms ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
-[[File:  Aditi Arya1.png| Aditi Arya: Miss India World, 2015. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File:  Apeksha Porwal3.png| Apeksha Porwal. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
-[[File:  Akanksha Gautam.jpg|Akanksha Gautam . © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File:  Chahat Dalal.png| Chahat Dalal. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
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-[[File:  Diksha Singh.jpg|Diksha Singh . © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
-[[File:  Medhika Priya Singhal.jpg|Medhika Priya Singhal.  © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame| 500px]]
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-[[File:  Pranati Prakash.jpg|Pranati Prakash. . © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File: Rakshitha Harimurthy .jpg|Rakshitha Harimurthy. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame| left|500px]]
-[[File:  Rewati Chetri.jpg| Rewati Chetri. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File:  Ruchira Mookerjee.jpg| Ruchira Mookerjee. © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame| left|500px]]
-[[File: Rushali Rai.jpg| Rushali Rai © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File: Sushrii Shreya Mishra.jpg| Sushrii Shreya Mishra © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
-[[File: Sushruthi Krishna.jpg| Sushruthi Krishna © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
-[[File:Tanya Hope.jpg| Tanya Hope © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|left|500px]]
-[[File: Vartika Singh.jpg| Vartika Singh © ''Femina/ BCCL/ The Times of India'' |frame|500px]]
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-Much of the information and pictures on this page are courtesy: BCCI/ The Times of India group/ Indiatimes.com/ Femina/ fbb. © BCCL 2015
-The rest are courtesy the organisers of the Miss India Universe Yamaha Fascino contest. [http://www.ibnlive.com/news/lifestyle-2/urvashi-rautela-crowned-miss-india-universe-2015-creates-history-by-winning-the-title-twice-1154092.html Oct 20, 2015, Press Trust of India]
-=International crowns=
-Aafreen Rachel Vaz clinched the title of Miss Supranational 2015 Asia and Oceania at the Miss Supranational 2015 beauty pageant in Krynica-Zdrój (Poland). The event was held at Malopolska Region here and was organised at the MOSIR (Hall of Sports) in Krynica-Zdrój. She  also received prize money of $1000.
-In 2014 Asha Bhat had won the Miss Supranational Asia and Oceania pageant.
-=Yamaha Fascino Miss Diva 2015 (Miss Universe)=
-==The winners==
-[[Urvashi Rautela]] won the right to  represent India at the Miss Universe 2015 pageant.
-Urvashi is the only Indian girl in the history of pageantry to have won the same title twice.
-Natasha Assadi from Bangalore was crowned 1st runner up
-Naveli Deshmukh from Aurangabad was declared 2nd runners-up.
-==Sub-titles==
-Miss Fascinating: Natasha Assadi
-Miss Photogenic: Hemali Soni
-Miss Sparkling Beauty: Ankita Thite and Shivani Shetty
-Miss Talented: Urvashi Rautela and Naveli Deshmukh
-Miss Tech Diva: Aileena Catherin Amon
-Best Makeover: Aileena Catherin Amon
-Miss Active: Nancy Gupta
-Miss Rampwalk: Urvashi Rautela
-Miss Body Beautiful: Simran Khandelwal and Urvashi Rautela
-Miss Sudoku: Aileena Catherin Amon
-Miss Congeniality: Pooja Bisht
-Miss Style Icon: Simran Khandelwal
-==The six finalists==
-Aileena Catherin Amon
-Aishwarya Dhavale
-Hemali Soni
-Natasha Assadi
-Naveli Deshmukh
-Urvashi Rautela
-==The jury==
-Actress Kangana Ranaut, Irrfan, Lara Dutta, Vikas Bahl and designer duo Shantanu and Nikhil formed the jury for the pageant.
-The various eliminations saw celebrity experts from the industry judge the finalists like Soha Ali Khan, Yami Gautam, Dino Morea, Rahul Khanna, Zayed Khan, Rocky Star, Nachiket Barve, Ujjwala Raut, and many more.
-=The Miss India 2015 finals=
-==The Top 3 Queens==
-Aditi Arya: fbb Femina Miss India 2015
-Aafreen Rachel Vaz: fbb Femina Miss India 2015 first runner up
-Vartika Singh: fbb Femina Miss India 2015 second runner up
-==Jury==
-Anil Kapoor
-John Abraham
-Manisha Koirala
-Shilpa Shety
-Sonali Bendre
-Chitrangada Singh
-Feroz Nadiadwala
-Abu Jani
-Sandeep Khosla
-Shiamak Davar.
-==The Top 5 finalists==
-Aafreen Rachel Vaz
-Aditi Arya
-Vartika Singh
-Deeksha Kaushal
-Tanya Hope
-==Sub-titles==
-fbb Miss Beauty with a Purpose: Vartika Singh
-Reliance Digital Miss Multimedia: Guwahati's Rewati Chetri
-==The Top 10 finalists==
-Aafreen Vaz
-Aditi Arya
-Vartika Singh
-Tanya Hope
-Deeksha Kaushal
-Sushrii Shreya Mishraa
-Naveli Deshmikh
-Rushali Rai
-Rakshitha Harimurthy
-Rewati Chetri
-=The twenty finalists=
-==Aafreen Vaz==
-Born: 1990
-City: Mumbai
-School: Hasanat High School
-College: Lynfield College
-Profession: Medical Student and Model
-Crowned: Miss Campus Princess 2015
-[http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/archives/My-main-focus-is-working-on-my-international-pageant-and-working-on-the-EDBF-movement/articleshow/46742387.cms ''The Times of India'']
-She is an OCI [overseas citizen of India] from New Zealand, currently studying in Mangalore. She is also the winner of Campus Princess 2015, the pageant that got her a direct entry into the top twenty one at fbb Femina Miss India 2015.
-Her main focus, she said after being placed 1st runner up, was (apart from working on her international pageant), working on the EDBF [European Dragon Boat Federation?] movement for the rural community of India.
-==Aditi Arya==
-Born: 1994
-City: Delhi (Gurgaon, to be precise)
-School: Amity International School
-College: College of Business Studies, Delhi University
-Profession: Research Analyst
-Crowned: First runner up, Miss India Delhi 2015
-Crowned: Miss India World 2015
-[http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/photos/5-things-you-dont-know-about-aditi-arya/eventshow/47028332.cms ''The Times of India''] adds: Aditi Arya learnt touch typing, when she was eight years old, out of her love for writing. Aditi was a theatre enthusiast and participated in many street plays before contesting at Miss India 2015 pageant. She was a state level softball player, a game similar to baseball.Aditi Arya feels her sex appeal lies in her sensuous eyes. Aditi says she idolizes Priyanka Chopra, as one of the greatest beauty queens from India.
-==Aishwarya Goel==
-Born: 1995
-City: Dehradun
-School: St. Thomas' College
-College: Graphic Era Hill University
-Profession: Student
-==Akanksha Gautam==
-Born: 1992
-City: Gurgaon
-School: Amity International School
-College: Rajarajeshwari medical college
-Profession: Doctor
-Crowned: Miss Mega Model Bangalore 2013, Miss Mysore
+=BMI=
-==Apeksha Porwal==
+==As in 2019==
-Born 1993
+[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F11%2F08&entity=Ar02400&sk=7C2D32E8&mode=text  Malathy Iyer, Indian teens rank low on BMI, among the shortest: Study, November 8, 2020: ''The Times of India'']
-City: Mumbai
+[[File: The BMI of 19-year-olds in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka in 2019..jpg|The BMI of 19-year-olds in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka in 2019. <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F11%2F08&entity=Ar02400&sk=7C2D32E8&mode=text  Malathy Iyer, Indian teens rank low on BMI, among the shortest: Study, November 8, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
-School: Smt. Sulochanadevi Singhania School
+While authorities claim Indian children are not as malnourished or stunted as they used to be until a decade ago, a global analysis of data spanning 34 years from 200 countries ranked India at the 196th place with respect to BMI (body mass index). The normal BMI ranges between 20 and 25.
-College: St. Xavier's College
+The country’s 19-year-old boys and girls have a BMI of 20.1 compared with, say, China that ranks 88th with its boys having a BMI of 23 and 119th for its girls at 22.2.
-Profession: Social entrepreneur
+As BMI is a function of height, the corollary is that Indian teens are also among the shortest in the world. The review, published in the international medical journal ‘The Lancet’, said India’s boys ranked 180th with an average height of 5.46 feet while girls ranked 182th with an average height of 5.06 feet.
-Crowned: Miss India Delhi 2015, Miss Teen India International 2009
+China performed better with regards to height as well. Its 19-year-old boys today were 8cm taller than they were in 1985, with their global rank changing from 150th tallest in 1985 to 65th in 2019. China’s 19-year-olds, on an average, are 5.76-foot tall; Chinese girls were 54th on the global chart, with an average height of 5.35 feet.
-==Chahat Dalal==
-City: Pune
+“Poor nutrition in school years may have created a 20cm height gap across nations,” said the analysis led by Imperial College London. This 20cm difference between 19-yearolds in the tallest and shortest nations represented an eightyear growth gap for girls and a six-year growth gap for boys, said the study’s authors.
-School: St. Felix High School
+“For instance, the study revealed that the average 19-year-old girl in Bangladesh and Guatemala (the nations with the world’s shortest girls) is the same height as an average 11-year-old girl in the Netherlands, the nation with the tallest boys and girls,” said the authors in a statement .
-College: Wadias
+They listed highly variable childhood nutrition, especially a lack of quality food, as the reason for stunted growth and for a rise in childhood obesity, affecting a child's health and wellbeing for their entire life.
-Profession: Pilot
+Experts in India blamed malnutrition caused either due to a liking for nutritionally-deficient fast foods in urban areas or due to poverty in rural India. “There is a great disparity in height and weight in various regions of India, the biggest denominators being urban and rural habitat and socio economic statum,” said Delhi-based endocrinologist Dr Anoop Misra.
-==Deeksha Kaushal==
-Born 1991
-City: Delhi
+He said rural children in India had poor nutrition because of low protein and essential micronutrient intake, while urban children hailing from upper socio-economic strata have excess carbohydrates and saturated fats. “The former have low BMI and insufficient height, and latter have better height and BMI and many of them are obese,” added Dr Misra.
-School: Modern school
-College: Shri Ram College of Commerce
-Profession: Model
+=Height=
-==Diksha Singh==
+[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indians-growing-taller-but-fall-short-in-world-order/articleshow/53691857.cms ''The Times of India''], Aug 14, 2016
-Born 1997
-City: Goa
+Subodh Varma
-School: Vidya Mandir
+'''Indians growing taller, but fall short in world order'''
-College: MES college
+The average Indian is taller than his/her parents, but that's not saying much. Between 1914 and 2014, the average height of Indian men increased by about 3cm to reach 165cm (5'5") while women grew taller by 5cm to become 153cm (5'1"). This leaves our men about 17.5cm shorter than the world's tallest males in the Netherlands, while Latvian women, the world's tallest, tower above our women by 17cm.
+These findings emerge from a massive study of human height measurements involving 1,470 earlier studies covering over 18.6 million participants in 200 countries. The study was conducted by more than 800 researchers and led by scientists from Imperial College, London.
+Most countries have shown an increase in height over the past century, with Iranian men and South Korean women shooting up most-by 16.5cm and 20.2cm. But the once-tall Americans-placed third among men and fourth among women in 1914-slipped to 37th and 42nd place in 2014. Overall, the ten tallest nations in 2014 were dominated by European countries, and featured no English-speaking nation.
+Why have some nations shot up while others have not? Environmental factors are important in determining average heights of populations, James Bentham of Imperial College told.
-Profession: Student
+"Factors such as good nutrition, clean water supply, avoidance of childhood infections, and a mother's health during pregnancy affect how much these children grow. We believe that the relatively small gains in height in India are likely to be due to some or all of these factors," he said.
-==Medhika Priya Singhal==
+In India, the nutrition board under National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) measured the height of Indian rural men and women at regular intervals between 1975-79 and 2011-12. There was a marginal increase of 1.2cm among men and only 1cm among women, study co-author Dr A Laxmaiah of NIN told TOI. The heights of earlier years were estimated from these records.
-Born 1993
-City: Dehradun
+Although low height gains in India reflect poor nutritional levels and high disease prevalence, children today are much taller than their parents were at the same age. This has been revealed in studies by Harshpal Singh Sachdev, senior pediatrician at Sitaram Bhartia Institute, comparing children with their parents. "Our data shows that children aged between 5 and 13 years are on average 5.5cm to 7.5cm taller than their parents at the same age 30 years ago. Obviously, they are still in a growing phase and the difference will increase. These changes are comparable to or greater than those seen in developed countries at a similar stage of socio-economic development about 50 years ago," he said.
-School: Riverdale High School
+How much role does heredity play? Sachdev says that there are 200 genes associated with height but their net contribution in determining adult height is about 10%. "Though genetic factors play an important role in determining height at individual level, environmental factors such as income, age-specific balanced diet, sanitation, health facilities may exploit genetic potential," said Laxmaiah. Confirming this, Bentham said that if all populations across the world lived in the same environment, it's likely there would be some differences in mean height between certain populations, but we would not see the 20-23cm gap between the tallest and shortest countries witnessed at present.
+==Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for men==
-College: Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences
+<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width=312
+ style='width:233.7pt;mso-cellspacing:1.1pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+ mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:
+cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Country</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>1896</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>1996</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Afghanistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>127</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>175</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bangladesh </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>169</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>185</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bhutan</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>124</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>174</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>China </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>130</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>93</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>India </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>101</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>178</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Maldives</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>188</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>142</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Myanmar</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>178</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>181</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Nepal </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>177</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>195</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Pakistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>47 (yes, 047)</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>153</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Sri Lanka </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>183</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>170</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Tibet/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
-Profession: Dentist
+<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p>
-==Meghna Mittal==
-Born 1996
-City: Pune
+==Height in adulthood for the 1896 and 1996 birth cohorts for women==
-School: Rewachand Bhojwani academy
+<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width=312
+ style='width:233.7pt;mso-cellspacing:1.1pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+ mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:
+cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Country</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>1896</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>1996</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Afghanistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>151</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>168</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bangladesh </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>197</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>198</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bhutan</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>171</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>187</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>China </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>134</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>87</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>India </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>163</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>192</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Maldives</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>189</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>169</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Myanmar</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>178</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>177</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Nepal </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>187</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>197</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Pakistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>116</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>185</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Sri Lanka </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>179</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>172</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Tibet/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.8pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=102 valign=top style='width:76.25pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
-College: MIT institute of design
+<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p>
+==What is a cohort?==
+A cohort
-Profession: Student
+is a group of people with a shared characteristic; and
-==Minash Ravuthar==
-City: Mumbai
-School: St. Anthony Girls High School
+is a group of people used in a study who have something (such as age or social class--in this case, height) in common.
-College: LS Raheja School of Architecture, Mumbai
+==Explanation==
+The column '1896' indicates the rank of the country's people in the matter of their Average Height in the year 1896.
-Profession: Architect student
+The column '1996' indicates the rank of the country's people in the matter of their Average Height in the year 1996.
-==Naveli Deshmukh==
-City: Aurangabad
-School: Stepping Stones High School
+countries were surveyed.
-College: Amity university
+The entire original article can be read at [https://elifesciences.org/content/5/e13410 E Life Sciences], from which the two tables given above have been extracted '''manually. ''' Omissions, if any, may please be sent as messages to the Facebook community, [http://www.facebook.com/Indpaedia Indpaedia.com]. All information used will be gratefully acknowledged in your name.
+==Acknowledgement==
+The information about Height in this section has been taken from the article
-Profession: Student, model
+''' A century of trends in adult human height:''' NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Published: July 26, 2016. Study author– Prof Majid Ezzati. Other authors: James Bentham et al, mostly of the Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
-Crowned: Lokmat Miss Yuva Next Maharashtra and Goa
+Cite as eLife 2016;5:e13410.
-==Pranati Prakash==
-City: Dehradun
-School: Loretto Convent, Delhi
+=Penis size=
+==[http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/world-penis-size-map-been-8665875 Daily Mirror]’s report…==
+[http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/world-penis-size-map-been-8665875 Zahra Mulroy, Daily Mirror, UK, 19 Aug 2016]
-College: NIFT, Mumbai
-Profession: Fashion Communication student
+''' The world 'penis size' map has been invented and it shows how the average manhood measures up  '''
-Crowned: Miss Alcheringa; 1st runner up, Miss NDA; Winner of She's Got The Look
+It's often said size doesn't matter, but it clearly did enough for someone to make this interactive map
-==Rakshitha Harimurthy==
-City: Bangalore
-College: Bishop Cottons College
+And in case you lie awake at night, tormenting yourself wondering about global penis sizes, then rest easy. Someone has come up with a map of the world with such a twist.
-Profession: Modelling
+Target Map World map shows how your manhood measures up compared to other countries
-Crowned: Mega Model Hunt 2013
+Yes, Target Map "have created the colour-coded graphic which shows the different sizes of men’s manhood depending on where they’re from" reports the Sun.
-==Rewati Chetri==
-City: Guwahati
-School: St.Agnes Convent High School
+The best bit? It's interactive. Meaning you can swoop in, compare sizes and judge to your heart's content.
-College: NEF law college
+So how do the world's (approx) 3,400,000,000 adult males measure up against one another?
-Profession: Student
+Well, the competition is stiff.
-Interests: Belly dancing
+[Mirror's  Nicola Oakley asked] Why do classical statues of men always have small penises? There's an interesting explanation... [Indpaedia’s explanation: Classical statues show flaccid and not erect penises because it would be indecorous to show erect penises--and because at 12.18 cm/ 4.8 in. and 12.5cm / 4.9 in. respectively the Greeks and Romans are not very big guys anyway.]
-==Ruchira Mookherji==
-City: Kolkata
-School: G.D Birla Centre for Education
+African, South American and Caribbean nations dominate the top ten with the men down under in Australia not far behind.
-College: The Bhawanipur Gujarati Education Society
+As with all things comparative sadly, someone has to come last and that's taken by Thailand, Singapore and North Korea.
-Profession: Student and model
+''' Bottom 10 countries '''
-Crowned: Clean & Clear Fresh Face winner 2014 of Bhawanipur college
+Average erect penis size in inches
-==Rushali Rai==
-City: Delhi
-School: Pestle Weed College, Dehradun
+Thailand 3.7
-College: Aatma Ram Sanatan Dharma, DU
+Nepal 3.7
-Profession: Model
+North Korea 3.8
-Crowned: fbb Femina Miss India 2015 2nd runner up
+Cambodia 4
-==Sushrii Shreya Mishraa==
-School: St.Joseph's Convent Higher Secondary School
-College: SPM College, DU
+Sri Lanka 4.3
-Profession: Student
+South Korea 4.3
-Sushruthi Krishna
-City: Bangalore
-School: DPS, Bangalore South
+Pakistan 4.4
-College: R. V. College of Architecture
+Hong Kong 4.4
-Profession: Student and Dancer
+Bangladesh 4.4
-Crowned: fbb Femina Miss India Finalist
+Singapore 4.5
-Crowned: Asian Super Model 2010 (India)
+==… was cited incorrectly in India==
-Tanya Hope
+'''…leading to nationwide glumness. '''
-City: Kolkata
-School: Sacred Hearts Girls High School
-College: University of Westminster
+Therefore, Indpaedia first checked [http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/world-penis-size-map-been-8665875 Daily Mirror]’s report in the original and found that either [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=Penis-map-is-out-Read-on-to-find-21082016019042 an Indian newspaper] had cited it incorrectly OR the Mirror website had subsequently corrected its earlier report.
-Profession: Pageant aspirant
+Therefore, Indpaedia went to the original source, [http://www.targetmap.com/viewer.aspx?reportId=3073 Target Map], itself, and painstakingly compiled the table below, so that the Indians and Afghans can stand erect in the comity of nations and the Nepalese, Pakistanis and other South Asians are reassured in the knowledge that what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.
-Crowned: Miss India Kolkata 2015
+Indpaedia readers are encouraged to visit these two sites, and additional information gained from them may please be sent as ''' messages ''' (not Timeline posts) to the Facebook community, [http://www.facebook.com/Indpaedia Indpaedia.com]. All information used will be gratefully acknowledged in your name.
-==Vartika Singh==
-City: Lucknow
-School: CANOSSA Convent
+==The ''actual'' South Asian sizes==
-College: I.T College, Lucknow
+<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width=584
+ style='width:437.75pt;mso-cellspacing:1.1pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+ mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:
+cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Country</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Length of </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>erect</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>penis </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span class=GramE><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>in</span></b></span><b><span
+  style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'> cm.</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>(SUM)</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Length of </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>erect</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>penis </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>in inches</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Circumference </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>of erect</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>penis </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span class=GramE><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>in</span></b></span><b><span
+  style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'> cm.</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Circumference </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>of erect</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>penis </span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>in inches</span></b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Volume (n*r^2*L) in</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Source</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Afghanistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>13.69</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>5.4</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.42</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.5</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>142</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Journal of Urology</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bangladesh </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.2 </span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.4</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>10.48</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.13</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>97.9</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Lynn et al 2012</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Bhutan/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>China </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>12.9</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>5.1</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.14</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.39</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>127.4</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Chen XB, Li RX</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>India </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>13.01</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>5.1</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.46</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.51</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>136</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span class=SpellE><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>K.Promodum</span></span><span
+  style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'> et al</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Maldives/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Myanmar/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Nepal </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>9.3</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>3.7</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.87</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.67</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>104.3</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Genital Size Survey </span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Pakistan </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.05</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.4</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>11.75</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.63</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>121.4</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Genital Size Survey </span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Sri Lanka </span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>10.89</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.3</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>10.99</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>4.33</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>104.7</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Genital Size Survey </span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <td width=92 valign=top style='width:69.2pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>Tibet/ No data</span></b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=57 valign=top style='width:42.5pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:77.95pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=104 valign=top style='width:78.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=76 valign=top style='width:2.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=94 valign=top style='width:70.85pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><span style='font-family:"Garamond","serif"'>&nbsp;</span></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
-Profession: Consultant
+<p class=MsoNormal>&nbsp;</p>
-==Zoya Afroz==
-City : Lucknow
-Representing the state of Madhya Pradesh
+= Waist-to-hip ratio=
+==India: 2019-20
+[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F12%2F15&entity=Ar00408&sk=BF74CFC4&mode=text  Malathy Iyer, December 15, 2020: ''The Times of India'']
-School: R.N Shah High School
+In a measure of how unhealthy women in the child-bearing age are in Mumbai, the latest National Family Health Survey of India found that more than half of them have a waist-tohip ratio that is linked to higher risk for non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.
-College: Mithibhai College
+The NFHS-5 found 54.5% women in the 15-49 age group in Mumbai city and 58.3% in Mumbai suburban have a waist-to-hip ratio of over 0.85, which is the ideal ratio according to the World Health Organisation In Maharashtra, 44.5% of the women and 40.7% of the men in the 15-49 age group have higher ratio. A closer look at Maharashtra’s statistics, though, show that the ratio is worse in urban areas (51.5% women and 43.2% men) than in rural areas (38.6% women and 38.7% men).
-Profession : Acting and modelling
+J&K seemed to have the worst proportion (89.2% women and 66% men), followed by Bengal (80.1% and 60.5%) and Kerala (70.1 and 57.2% men). While 51.1% of Goa’s women in the 15-19 age group had higher-than-ideal ratio, only 34.2% of its men fell in the unhealthy category.
-Crowned : Pond's Femina Miss India 2013 2nd runner-up, Pond's Femina Miss India Indore 2013 winner
+These are the first phase of the NFHS-5 (conducted in 2019-20) released by the union health ministry last week, covering 22 states and union territories. Waist-to-hip ratio is important because it measures the fat around the abdomen and an early indicator of a slew of chronic lifestyle diseases. Delhi-based endocrinologist Dr Anoop Misra said a waist-to-hip ratio of over .8 for women and .9 for men is indicative of cardiometabolic problems. Cardiometabolic syndrome — now recognised as a disease by the WHO — is a combination of dysfunctions characterised by insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and central adiposity. These dysfunctions lead to diabetes, hypertension and heart problems.
+Moreover, international studies have shown that certain ethnic groups such as Indians and African-Americans have high-risk waist-tohip ratio. Endocrinologist Dr Shashank Joshi blamed increased gadgetisation and westernation for the fact that half of the men and women in the productive age group had higher WHR. Dr Misra said the abdominal fat deposit can’t be reduced with regular exercise and dieting. “It has been established that Indians need to do take extra measures to reduce abdominal fat,’’ he added.
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