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[edit] Statistics (general)

Percentage of 3rd grade students in rural India who can not afford to read words, 2007-2014; Graphic courtesy: The Times of India, March 1, 2016

Percentage of 5th grade students in rural India who can not do basic subtraction; Graphic courtesy: The Times of India, March 1, 2016

Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015; Graphic courtesy: The Times of India, November 20, 2015

Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015

[edit] Adult literacy

[edit] 2024-25: Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Delhi top

Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: The Times of India

New Delhi : Tamil Nadu, Tripura and Delhi have emerged as top performers in tackling the challenge of adult literacy and education. The 2024-25 Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Test (FLNAT), conducted under ULLAS – Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram, has thrown up encouraging results among states that submitted the certification data in time.

 Data compiled by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), exclusively accessed by TOI, showed that the top performers ranged in the late 90s in terms of success percentages, while the relative laggards — Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh — were over 85%.

 The FLNAT programme was rolled out in phases between July 2024 and March 2025, with over 1.77 crore adult learners tested in all.

U’khand & Guj post lowest certification rates

By May 2025, only 34.3 lakh were officially certified, reflecting a national average of about 19.4%. However, this figure is skewed due to pending certification data from the March 2025 phase, which included over 49 lakh participants whose results were still being processed.

 Under FLNAT, which is a nationwide assessment of foundational literacy and numeracy skills, “states/UTs identify illiterate populations, educate them, and then con duct a test to reveal outcomes,” said a senior official of ministry of education (MoE).  

TN recorded a flawless performance, certifying all 5,09,694 learners who appeared in FLNAT — a 100% success rate. “This is attributed to strong administrative oversight, pre-exam preparation, and local mobilisation through community volunteers and panchayat support,” the official said. Tripura was close behind, certifying 13,909 of 14,179 learners, with a success rate of 98.1%. Delhi also performed exceptionally, certifying 7,901 of 7,959 candidates, with a 99.3% success rate.  

On the other hand, states like Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh posted lower certification rates despite moderate participation. Uttarakhand certified 8,109 of 9,459 learners (85.7%); Gujarat, 1,853 of 2,128 (87.1%); and Himachal Pradesh, 14,500 of 15,351 candidates (88.3%).

“While these states didn’t perform poorly in absolute terms, their outcomes were among the lowest of those with fully declared results,” said a senior official of department of school education and literacy.

 One encouraging finding is the high participation of women. In Madhya Pradesh, more women appeared in FLNAT than men — 8.52 lakh versus 8.11 lakh men. Similar trends were seen in Jharkhand and Odisha. This indicates a growing awareness and desire for literacy among adult women, who increasingly see education as a means of empowerment and dignity.

[edit] Gender – wise

[edit] 2005-21

Literacy in India, gender – wise, 2005-21
From: June 24, 2024: The Times of India

See graphic:

Literacy in India, gender – wise, 2005-21

[edit] 2005> 16: literacy, gender-wise

2005> 16: literacy in India, gender-wise
From: April 1, 2020: The Times of India

See graphic:

2005> 16: literacy in India, gender-wise

[edit] National literacy

[edit] 1951-2011

June 4, 2019: The Times of India

All India literacy, 1951-2011
From: June 4, 2019: The Times of India

India May Achieve 100% Literacy Before The Next General Election

With 8 out of every 10 Indians being illiterate at the time, India’s first general election generated enormous global curiosity. Opponents of universal adult suffrage questioned the ability of illiterate voters to cast their vote intelligently and secretly. According to the last census conducted 8 years ago, one-fourth of our population is still illiterate, but we have come a long way from where we started

[edit] 2023-24: 80.9%

India’s literacy rate at 80.9%: Labour survey

India’s overall literacy rate among persons aged seven and above is 80.9%, according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2023-24) released by the National Sample Survey Office, reports Manash Gohain . When the age bracket was dropped to five and above, the rate was 79.7%.

 Top of the list in the 7+ bracket were Mizoram (98.2%), Lakshadweep (97.3%), Kerala (95.3%), Tripura (93.7%) and Goa (93.6%). Bihar (74.3%), MP (75.2%) and Rajasthan (75.8%) finished at the bottom of the list.

Details

Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: The Times of India

Literacy in India, 2023–24
From: Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: The Times of India

New Delhi : Mizoram (98.2%), Lakshadweep (97.3%), Kerala (95.3%), Tripura (93.7%) and Goa (93.6%) are the top five States/ UTs registering the highest overall literacy rates in India for persons aged seven years and above, according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023–24.  The report, released by the National Sample Survey Office under the ministry of statistics and programme implementation, shows that India’s overall literacy rate for this age group stood at 80.9%. For persons aged five years and above, the national literacy rate was 79.7%. The disaggregated literacy data across all states and Union Territories was based on nationally representative sampling.

 The PLFS captures detailed literacy data across age groups (5+ and 7+), gender, and rural-urban categories for all states and Union Territories. For persons aged seven and above, male literacy at the national level was 87.2%, while female literacy stood at 74.6%. For the 5+ age group, male literacy was 85.6% and female literacy was 73.7%.

States with the lowest literacy rates in the age 7+ category were Bihar (74.3%), Madhya Pradesh (75.2%), and Rajasthan (75.8%). In the 5+ age group, Bihar again ranked lowest at 73.2%, followed by Madhya Pradesh (73.7%) and Rajasthan (74.9%).

 Urban India continues to report higher literacy levels than rural areas. The national urban literacy rate was 88.9% for persons aged seven years and above, compared to 77.5% in rural areas. In states like Madhya Pradesh, the rural literacy rate was 71.6%, while the urban literacy rate stood at 85.7%, marking a gap of over 14 percentage points. Bihar reported a rural literacy rate of 72.1% and urban rate of 83.2%.

Rajasthan showed a rural literacy rate of 72.5% and an urban literacy rate of 84.7%. These trends reflect similar urban-rural gaps across northern and central states.  The gender gap in literacy remains significant. Nationally, the gap for persons aged seven and above was 12.6 percentage points. Rajasthan had the highest gap at 20.1%, with male literacy at 85.9% and female literacy at 65.8%. In Bihar, the gap was 16.2% (males: 82.3%, females: 66.1%), while in Madhya Pradesh, the difference was 16.1% (males: 83.1%, females: 67.0%).  

In rural areas, gender gaps tend to be wider. Rural Rajasthan had male literacy at 83.6% and female literacy at 61.8%. Rural Bihar reported 81.5% for males and 65% for females. Rural Madhya Pradesh recorded 80% literacy for males and 62.6% for females. In contrast, the gender gap in better-performing states was smaller. In Mizoram, male and female literacy rates were 99.2% and 97%, respectively. In Kerala, the rates were 96.7% for males and 94% for females.

 The PLFS 2023–24 highlights that while overall literacy has improved, regional, gender, and rural-urban disparities remain substantial. These variations are more pronounced in states with large rural and tribal populations, where educational access and outcomes continue to lag behind nationalaverages.

[edit] State-wise

[edit] State-wise literacy, 1951-2001

Source: India Budget.nic.in

States/Union Territories	1951	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001
Andaman & Nicobar Islands	30.30	40.07	51.15	63.19	73.02	81.30
Andhra Pradesh	–	21.19	24.57	35.66	44.08	60.47
Arunachal Pradesh	NA	7.13	11.29	25.55	41.59	54.34
Assam	18.53	32.95	33.94	–	52.89	63.25
Bihar	13.49	21.95	23.17	32.32	37.49	47.00
Chandigarh	–	NA	70.43	74.80	77.81	81.94
Chhattisgarh	9.41	18.14	24.08	32.63	42.91	64.66
Dadra & Nagar Haveli	–	–	18.13	32.90	40.71	57.63
Daman & Diu	–	–	–	–	71.20	78.18
Delhi	NA	61.95	65.08	71.94	75.29	81.67
Goa	23.48	35.41	51.96	65.71	75.51	82.01
Gujarat	21.82	31.47	36.95	44.92	61.29	69.14
Haryana	–	–	25.71	37.13	55.85	67.91
Himachal Pradesh	––––				63.86	76.48
Jammu & Kashmir	–	12.95	21.71	30.64	NA	55.52
Jharkhand	12.93	21.14	23.87	35.03	41.39	53.56
Karnataka	–	29.80	36.83	46.21	56.04	66.64
Kerala	47.18	55.08	69.75	78.85	89.81	90.86
Lakshadweep	15.23	27.15	51.76	68.42	81.78	86.66
Madhya Pradesh	13.16	21.41	27.27	38.63	44.67	63.74
Maharashtra	27.91	35.08	45.77	57.24	64.87	76.88
Manipur2	12.57	36.04	38.47	49.66	59.89	70.53
Meghalaya	NA	26.92	29.49	42.05	49.10	62.56
Mizoram	31.14	44.01	53.80	59.88	82.26	88.80
Nagaland	10.52	21.95	33.78	50.28	61.65	66.59
Orissa	15.80	21.66	26.18	33.62	49.09	63.08
Pondicherry	–	43.65	53.38	65.14	74.74	81.24
Punjab	–	NA	34.12	43.37	58.51	69.65
Rajasthan	8.5	18.12	22.57	30.11	38.55	60.41
Sikkim	–	–	17.74	34.05	56.94	68.81
Tamil Nadu		36.39	45.40	54.39	62.66	73.45
Tripura	NA	20.24	30.98	50.10	60.44	73.19
Uttar Pradesh	12.02	20.87	23.99	32.65	40.71	56.27
Uttarakhand	18.93	18.05	33.26	46.06	57.75	71.62
West Bengal	24.61	34.46	38.86	48.65	57.70	68.64
ALL INDIA2	18.33	28.30	34.45	43.57	52.21	64.84

[edit] Notes

1. Literacy rates for 1951, 1961 and 1971 Censuses relate to population aged five years and above. The rates for the 1981, 1991 and 2001 Censuses relate to the population aged seven years and above. The literacy rate for 1951 in case of West Bengal relates to Total population including 0-4 age group. Literacy rate for 1951 in respect of Chhatisgarg, Madhya Pradesh and Manipur are based on sample population.

2. India and Manipur figures exclude those of the three sub-divisions viz. Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul of Senapati district of Manipur as census results of 2001 in these three sub-divisions were cancelled due to technical and administrative reasons.

3. N.A. - Not available as no census was carried out in Assam during 1981 and in Jammu & Kashmir during 1991.

4. Created in 2001. Uttaranchal Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chattisgarh for 1981 and 1991 are included under Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh respectively.

Source: Office of the Registrar General, India

[edit] State-wise literacy, 1951

Rank in 1951	State/Union Territory	Percentage of literates
1.	Kerala	47.18
2.	Mizoram	31.14
3.	Andaman & Nicobar Islands	30.30
4.	Maharashtra	27.91
5.	West Bengal	24.61
6.	Goa	23.48
7.	Gujarat	21.82
8.	Uttarakhand	18.93
9.	Assam	18.53
	ALL INDIA	18.33
10.	Orissa	15.80
11.	Lakshadweep	15.23
12.	Bihar	13.49
13.	Madhya Pradesh	13.16
14.	Jharkhand	12.93
15.	Manipur	12.57
16.	Uttar Pradesh	12.02
17.	Nagaland	10.52
18.	Chhattisgarh	9.41
19.	Rajasthan	8.5
	ALL INDIA	18.33

[edit] State-wise literacy, 2011

Source: Census 2011

Rank in 2011	State/ UT	Literacy %age
1.	Kerala	94.00
2.	Lakshadweep	91.85
3.	Mizoram	91.33
4.	Goa	88.70
5.	Tripura	87.22
6.	Daman and Diu	87.10
7.	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	86.63
8.	Delhi	86.21
9.	Chandigarh	86.05
10.	Puducherry	85.85
11.	Himachal Pradesh	82.80
12.	Maharashtra	82.34
13.	Sikkim	81.42
14.	Tamil Nadu	80.09
15.	Nagaland	79.55
16.	Uttarakhand	78.82
17.	Gujarat	78.03
18.	Manipur	76.94
19.	West Bengal	76.26
20.	Dadra and Nagar Haveli	76.24
21.	Punjab	75.84
22.	Haryana	75.55
23.	Karnataka	75.36
24.	Meghalaya	74.43
	India	74.04
25.	Orissa	72.87
26.	Assam	72.19
27.	Chhattisgarh	70.28
28.	Madhya Pradesh	69.32
29.	Uttar Pradesh	67.68
30.	Jammu and Kashmir	67.16
31.	Andhra Pradesh	67.02
32.	Jharkhand	66.41
33.	Rajasthan	66.11
34.	Arunachal Pradesh	65.38
35.	Bihar	61.80
	India	74.04

[edit] State-wise literacy, 2017-18

September 7, 2020: The Times of India

Literacy rates for those aged 7 or more (%), as in 2017-18.
From: September 7, 2020: The Times of India

At 66%, Andhra’s literacy rate worst, Delhi’s 2nd best at 89% Smaller States Do Better Than ‘Developed’ Ones

Which state has a higher literacy rate – Andhra Pradesh or Bihar, Telangana or Assam, Karnataka or Uttarakhand? If you picked the southern state each time, you were completely wrong and by a considerable margin. The reality is that Andhra Pradesh’s rate of 66.4% is the worst among all states in India and significantly lower than Bihar’s 70.9%. Similarly, Telangana’s 72.8% is well below the national average of 77.7% while Assam is well above it at 85.9% and Karnataka’s 77.2% pales in comparison to Uttarakhand’s 87.6%, which is bettered only by Kerala and Delhi among the major states and UTs. Data from a report on education released by the National Statistical Office (NSO) reveals these counter-intuitive truths and shows that, at least when it comes to literacy, notions of “developed states” can be misleading.

Gap between male & female literacy smallest in Kerala

The data is for 2017-18 and is for all aged 7 or more. Not all preconceptions are wrong though. Kerala remains by some distance, the best among the major states with a literacy rate of 96.2%. More impressively, the gap between male and female literacy is the smallest in Kerala at just 2.2 percentage points. To put that in context, the gap at the all-India level is 14.4 percentage points with male literacy at 84.7% and female literacy at 70.3%.

Typically, states with relatively low literacy rates also tend to have the highest gender skews, but that is not always true. Andhra Pradesh, for instance, has a gap between male and female literacy rates of only 13.9 percentage points, while Rajasthan (23.2), Bihar (19.2) and UP (18.4) have pronounced gaps despite having better overall literacy rates.

The gap between urban and rural literacy rates is of the same order of magnitude as that between males and females. Once again, Kerala has the lowest gap of 1.9 percentage points. At the other end of the spectrum on this count are Telangana, where urban literacy is 23.4 percentage points higher than rural literacy, and Andhra Pradesh, where the difference is 19.2 percentage points. The combined effect of the gender and urban-rural skews means that the difference between urban male literacy and rural female literacy is an alarming 27.2 percentage points at the national level. In individual states, it can be much worse. In Rajasthan, for example, it is 38.5 percentage points (9.1% versus 52.6%) and in Telangana, 38 percentage points (91.7% versus 53.7%). Male urban literacy is under 90% in only four major states and below 85% in none of them.

In contrast, rural female literacy is above 80% only in Kerala and below 70% in 13 of the 22 major states. In four of these, it is below 60%.

[edit] Fully literate states

[edit] As of 2025

June 24, 2025: The Times of India

Tripura was declared a fully literate state under ULLAS — Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram (New India Literacy Programme), becoming the third state in the country to achieve this milestone after Mizoram and Goa. The declaration was made by the union ministry of education at a ceremony held at Rabindra Satabarshiki Bhawan in Agartala. The event was attended by CM Manik Saha and officials of the ministry and state education department, among others.

The announcement marks Tripura attaining the nationally prescribed literacy benchmark of 95% among individuals aged 15 and above. This has happened following two years of intensive implementation of ULLAS in all districts of the state, combining community outreach, digital learning through ULLAS app, and large-scale volunteer participation. In Tripura, the programme engaged thousands of volunteer teachers and learners through door-to-door surveys & literacy sessions. TNN

[edit] Year-wise changes

[edit] Literacy in 2006

Indian states with the best/ worst literacy dropout rate, 2004-12. Source: The Times of India

India has 37% of world's illiterate adults

IANS| Jan 29, 2014

India has by far the largest population of illiterate adults — 287 million or 37 per cent of the global total, according to the "EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2013-14: Teaching and Learning: Achieving quality for All." Commissioned by Unesco, it said that 10 countries (including India) account for 557 million or 72 per cent of the global population of illiterate adults.

"India's literacy rate rose from 48 per cent in 1991 to 63 per cent in 2006, (the latest year for which data was available), but population growth cancelled the gains. So there was no change in the number of illiterate adults," the report said.

Though India has more than 99 per cent children in schools because of the Right to Education Act, the quality of education being imparted is a big challenge that should be addressed, a top Unesco officer said.

The report also said that a global learning crisis was costing governments $129 billion a year, and that 10 per cent of global spending on primary education was being lost on poor quality education that was failing to ensure that children learn.

"It leaves one in four young people in poor countries unable to read a single sentence, affecting one-third of young women in South and West Asia," it said.

The countries include Bhutan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan.

[edit] 2011: Literacy rate 74.4%

The Times of India, January 28, 2016

2001 and 2011: i) Literacy rate and number of literates in India; ii) enrolment in primary and upper- primary education; Graphic courtesy: The Times of India, January 28, 2016

Chethan Kumar Literacy rate up, but so is illiteracy

Population Rising But Enrolment Not Keeping Pace

The overall literacy rate in the country may have gone up to 74.4%, but the drop in the illiteracy rate has not matched the increase in population. Between 2001 and 2011, the population above the age of 7 grew by 18.65 crore but the decrease in the number of illiterates is just 3.11 crore.

A 2015 Unesco report said that in terms of absolute numbers, India -with 28.7 crore illiterates -was the country with the largest number of adults without basic literacy skills in 2010-11 compared to 2000-01 when it had 30.4 crore illiterates. The fact that illiteracy is not being tackled is evident from the enrolment rates in primary and upper primary schools. Over 12 years (2000-01 to 2013-14), the number of children who enrolled in primary schools increased by just 1.86 crore, and at the upper primary level by just over 2 crore.The population during this period, however, increased by more than 18 crore.

“Over the past few years, there has been a dip in the enrolment rate across the country compared to the growth in population,“ says A S Seetharamu, a former professor of the Institute of Social and Economic Change.

Going by 2011 Census data, most states, barring a few like Nagaland, have recorded an increase in population but the enrolment rate does not mirror that. The country also seems to be having a problem with retaining people in schools and colleges. An average of 326 out of 1,000 students in rural areas are dropping out, while the same is 383 per 1,000 in urban areas, the National Sample Survey Organisation's (NSSO) last survey reveals. This data counts people up to the age of 29.

UNESCO has put the number of out-of-school (OOS) children at 17 lakh in India.A survey commissioned by the Centre put the number for 2014 at 61lakh, with SC and ST children making up 49.03% (29.73 lakh) of these.

[edit] 2011: the most and least literate states

See graphic. : Literary rate, 2011, Bihar and Kerala and other states having highest and lowest adult literacy, respectively, 2011

Literary rate, 2011, Bihar and Kerala and other states having highest and lowest adult literacy, respectively, 2011; The Times of India, August 2, 2017

[edit] 2017: Literacy rate, youth

See graphic: Youth Literacy Rate as in August 2017

Youth Literacy Rate as in August 2017; The Times of India, August 14, 2017

[edit] Statistics, India and the world

[edit] 2015: India 2nd most `ignorant' among 33 nations

The Times of India, Dec 07 2015

India 2nd most `ignorant' nation, Mexico 1st: Study

India has the dubious honour of being the second most ignorant nation in the world after Mexico, according to a survey which posed questions on issues like inequality , non-religious population, female employment and internet access. The survey conducted by Ipsos MORI, a London-based market research firm, polled 25,000 people from 33 countries and found that while people “overestimate what we worry about“, a lot of major issues are underestimated.

“Mexico and India receive the dubious honour of being the most inaccurate in their perceptions on these issues, while South Koreans are the most accurate, followed by the Irish,“ the survey said.

The rankings of the nations were based on the “index of ignorance“ which was determined by questions about wealth that the top 1% own, obesity , non-religious population, immigration, living with parents, female employment, rural living and internet access.

Most Indians “underestimate“ how much of the country's wealth is concentrated in the hands of the top 1%, the survey said, adding that the top 1% actually own an “incredible“ 70% of all wealth.

The survey also found that most Indians “hugely overestimate“ the proportions of non-religious people in the country to be 33% when the true figure is under 1%.

While Israel significantly underestimates the proportion of female employment (by 29 percentage points), people in countries like India, Mexico, South Africa and Chile all think of more women in work than really are, it said.India fell in the list of nations which overestimate representation by women in politics.

Countries like Columbia, Russia, India and Brazil all think there is better female representation than there really is, the survey said.

However, the Indian population seriously underestimates the rural population of the country and thinks more people have internet access than in reality .

In India, the average guess among online respondents for internet access is 60% -an overestimation of the true picture of 41 percentage points, the survey added.

[edit] Community-wise literacy

[edit] 2018

Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: The Times of India

From: Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: The Times of India

Literacy and school-education among the Muslims, SCs and STs, presumably as in 2018.
From: Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: The Times of India

A decade and a half after the Sachar Committee highlighted the issue, a report from the National Statistical Office reveals that Muslims are on various yardsticks of academic marginalisation as bad or even worse than SCs and STs.

It shows that among various social groups, the literacy rate for those aged 7 yrs or more was the highest for “others”, which is non-SC/ST/OBC population, at 91% for men and 81% for women. This proportion declines to 84% for OBC men and 69% for OBC women. For SCs, the ratio was 80.3% for men and 64% for women and for STs 78% for men and 61% for women. Among religious groups, 88% of Christian men and 82% of women were literate, highest proportions for both genders.

Literacy rate of Muslim men is 80.6%

This was followed by Sikhs and Hindus. The literacy rate of 80.6% among Muslim men was equivalent to that for Dalits and marginally higher than the rate among tribals. The literacy rate for Muslim women was higher than Dalit or tribal women, but lower than for women of any other religious group.

The gross attendance ratio (people attending a level of education as a proportion of the population of the corresponding age group) was the lowest for Muslims among various social and religious groups at all levels of education except above higher secondary, where it was between the rates for Dalits and tribals.

At the primary level, the GAR of 100 for Muslims was lower than “others”, SCs, STs, OBCs, Sikhs, Christians, and Hindus. At the upper primary level, Muslims were the only community whose GAR was below 90%. At the secondary level, the GAR of 71.9% for Muslims was lower than STs

(79.8%), SCs and OBCs. Similarly at the higher secondary level, the GAR was lowest for Muslims at 48.3%, well below even the 52.8% for Dalits.

Above the higher secondary level, the GAR of 14.5% for Muslims was just above 14.4% for tribals but below 17.8% for Dalits. Unlike the tribal population, of which a significant proportion lives in remote areas, Muslims don’t live very far from higher educational institutes and yet the drop out was nearly equal. Muslims also had the highest proportion of youth (age 3-35 years) who had never enrolled in formal educational programmes. About 17% of Muslim men in this age group had never been enrolled for education.

[edit] Literacy-related issues, state-wise

[edit] Kerala

The Hindu, November 9, 2016

Move to educate migrant workers in most literate State

Kerala government will teach them to read and write in Hindi and Malayalam, besides creating legal awareness.

The sense of alienation that migrant workers in Kerala feel will come down substantively if the efforts of the Kerala State Literacy Mission Authority (KSLMA) prove a success.

The KSLMA is all set to launch a social literacy drive to integrate migrant labourers into Kerala society, by imparting reading and writing skills to them and to orient them to the culture of the State. A large majority of the 25 lakh migrant labourers in the State, many of whom hail from North India, are illiterate even in their mother tongue, according to KSLMA. As a result, they are ignorant in legal, health and environmental matters, resulting in poor quality of living as well as exploitation by their employers. This leads to gaps in their social relations with the locals.

"Our effort is to give them minimum language skill so that they are able to interact better with their hosts," says KSLMA director P.S. Sreekala. The workers, who contribute heavily to the State's development, were being “ostracised.” The literacy programme aimed at solving this issue by teaching them to read and write in Malayalam as well as Hindi, apart from introducing them to the social and cultural features of the State, and creating legal and health-related awareness, she said.

KSLMA is initiating three other programmes this year, including a continuing education mission for members of the trans-gender community, an environmental literacy mission and a functional literacy drive, aimed at the coastal areas of Kasaragod, Malappuram and Thiruvananthapuram.

[edit] Women

[edit] Age-wise, 2023

Women’s Literacy in India, Age-wise, 2023
From: Dec 9, 2024: The Times of India

See graphic:

Women’s Literacy in India, Age-wise, 2023

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-[[File: Percentage of 3rd grade students in rural India who can not afford to read words, 2007-2014.jpg|Percentage of 3rd grade students in rural India who can not afford to read words, 2007-2014; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Article.aspx?eid=31973&articlexml=WHY-RIGHT-TO-EDUCATION-IS-NOT-RIGHT-TO-01032016011024 ''The Times of India''], March 1, 2016|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Percentage of 5th grade students in rural India who can not do basic subtraction.jpg|Percentage of 5th grade students in rural India who can not do basic subtraction; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Article.aspx?eid=31973&articlexml=WHY-RIGHT-TO-EDUCATION-IS-NOT-RIGHT-TO-01032016011024 ''The Times of India''], March 1, 2016|frame|500px]]
-[[File: Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015.jpg| Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Gallery.aspx?id=20_11_2015_008_021_002&type=P&artUrl=STATOISTICS-20112015008021&eid=31808 ''The Times of India''], November 20, 2015|frame|500px]]
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 14: / Line 10: @@
 See [[examples]] and a tutorial.</div>
 |}
-[[Category:India|L]]
-[[Category:Culture & Learning|L]]
-[[Category:Bhutan|L]]
-[[Category:Bangladesh|L]]
-[[Category:Nepal|L]]
-[[Category:Pakistan|L]]
-[[Category:Sri Lanka|L]]
-=Dropout level, year-wise=
-==Out-of-school children: 2009-2014==
-''' RTE effect: 26% drop in number of out-of-school kids since 2009 '''
-Akshaya Mukul
-[[File: out-of-school children.jpg| |frame|500px]]
-[http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=RTE-effect-26-drop-in-number-of-out-14102014001015  The Times of India ] Oct 14 2014
-In a vindication of sorts for the Right to Education (RTE) Act, the latest HRD ministry-mandated survey shows a 26% drop in out-of-school children in the country since 2009.
-According to the latest survey conducted by Indian Market Research Bureau for the ministry , out-of-school (OoS) children have declined to 60.6 lakh -2.97% of all children in the 6-14 age group -from 81.5 lakh in 2009. The first survey in 2005 found 1.34 crore out of school.
-There were less girls (28.9 lakh) out of school than boys (31.7 lakh). In fact, girls have done better than boys in all three surveys.
-A survey of OoS slum children was done for the first time and their number was found to be 4.73 lakh.
-The survey found a continuing drop in the number of OoS children among Scheduled Castes and Muslims. Among tribal OoS children, the drop was marginal -from 10.69 lakh in 2009 to 10.07 lakh in 2014. In terms of social classes, the number of SC out-ofschool (OoS) children have come down to 19.66 lakh from 23.08 lakh in 2009 and 31.04 lakh in 2005.
+=Statistics (general)=
+[[File: Percentage of 3rd grade students in rural India who can not afford to read words, 2007-2014.jpg|Percentage of 3rd grade students in rural India who can not afford to read words, 2007-2014; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Article.aspx?eid=31973&articlexml=WHY-RIGHT-TO-EDUCATION-IS-NOT-RIGHT-TO-01032016011024 ''The Times of India''], March 1, 2016|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Percentage of 5th grade students in rural India who can not do basic subtraction.jpg|Percentage of 5th grade students in rural India who can not do basic subtraction; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Article.aspx?eid=31973&articlexml=WHY-RIGHT-TO-EDUCATION-IS-NOT-RIGHT-TO-01032016011024 ''The Times of India''], March 1, 2016|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015.jpg| Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Gallery.aspx?id=20_11_2015_008_021_002&type=P&artUrl=STATOISTICS-20112015008021&eid=31808 ''The Times of India''], November 20, 2015|frame|500px]]
+Proportion of male and female literates in Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the world in 2015
+=Adult literacy=
+==2024-25: Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Delhi top==
+[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=03_06_2025_001_020_cap_TOI  Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
+New Delhi : Tamil Nadu, Tripura and Delhi have emerged as top performers in tackling the challenge of adult literacy and education. The 2024-25 Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Test (FLNAT), conducted under ULLAS – Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram, has thrown up encouraging results among states that submitted the certification data in time.
+ Data compiled by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), exclusively accessed by TOI, showed that the top performers ranged in the late 90s in terms of success percentages, while the relative laggards — Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh — were over 85%.
+ The FLNAT programme was rolled out in phases between July 2024 and March 2025, with over 1.77 crore adult learners tested in all.
+''' U’khand & Guj post lowest certification rates '''
+By May 2025, only 34.3 lakh were officially certified, reflecting a national average of about 19.4%. However, this figure is skewed due to pending certification data from the March 2025 phase, which included over 49 lakh participants whose results were still being processed.
+ Under FLNAT, which is a nationwide assessment of foundational literacy and numeracy skills, “states/UTs identify illiterate populations, educate them, and then con duct a test to reveal outcomes,” said a senior official of ministry of education (MoE).
+TN recorded a flawless performance, certifying all 5,09,694 learners who appeared in FLNAT — a 100% success rate. “This is attributed to strong administrative oversight, pre-exam preparation, and local mobilisation through community volunteers and panchayat support,” the official said. Tripura was close behind, certifying 13,909 of 14,179 learners, with a success rate of 98.1%. Delhi also performed exceptionally, certifying 7,901 of 7,959 candidates, with a 99.3% success rate.
+On the other hand, states like Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh posted lower certification rates despite moderate participation. Uttarakhand certified 8,109 of 9,459 learners (85.7%); Gujarat, 1,853 of 2,128 (87.1%); and Himachal Pradesh, 14,500 of 15,351 candidates (88.3%).
+“While these states didn’t perform poorly in absolute terms, their outcomes were among the lowest of those with fully declared results,” said a senior official of department of school education and literacy.
+ One encouraging finding is the high participation of women. In Madhya Pradesh, more women appeared in FLNAT than men — 8.52 lakh versus 8.11 lakh men. Similar trends were seen in Jharkhand and Odisha. This indicates a growing awareness and desire for literacy among adult women, who increasingly see education as a means of empowerment and dignity.
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Nepal|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|LITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+=Gender – wise=
+==2005-21==
+[[File: Literacy in India, gender – wise, 2005-21.jpg|Literacy in India, gender – wise, 2005-21 <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=24_06_2024_007_007_cap_TOI  June 24, 2024: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+'''See graphic''':
+'' Literacy in India, gender – wise, 2005-21 ''
+==2005> 16: literacy, gender-wise==
+[[File: 2005- 16- literacy in India, gender-wise.jpg| 2005> 16: literacy in India, gender-wise <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIM%2F2020%2F04%2F01&entity=Ar01312&sk=1619D4A7&mode=image&fbclid=IwAR27jOfp9eLuFb9HfqkRNMsaSKnVDps4NnxxtNUrdrDGygjDdX9rP-GACOA  April 1, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+'''See graphic''':
+'' 2005> 16: literacy in India, gender-wise ''
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Nepal|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|LITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Nepal|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|LITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+=National literacy=
+==1951-2011==
+[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F06%2F04&entity=Ar01723&sk=42C30519&mode=text  June 4, 2019: ''The Times of India'']
+[[File: All India literacy, 1951-2011.jpg| All India literacy, 1951-2011 <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2019%2F06%2F04&entity=Ar01723&sk=42C30519&mode=text  June 4, 2019: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+India May Achieve 100% Literacy Before The Next General Election
+With 8 out of every 10 Indians being illiterate at the time, India’s first general election generated enormous global curiosity. Opponents of universal adult suffrage questioned the ability of illiterate voters to cast their vote intelligently and secretly. According to the last census conducted 8 years ago, one-fourth of our population is still illiterate, but we have come a long way from where we started
+==2023-24: 80.9%==
+''' India’s literacy rate at 80.9%: Labour survey '''
+India’s overall literacy rate among persons aged seven and above is 80.9%, according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2023-24) released by the National Sample Survey Office, reports Manash Gohain . When the age bracket was dropped to five and above, the rate was 79.7%.
+ Top of the list in the 7+ bracket were Mizoram (98.2%), Lakshadweep (97.3%), Kerala (95.3%), Tripura (93.7%) and Goa (93.6%). Bihar (74.3%), MP (75.2%) and Rajasthan (75.8%) finished at the bottom of the list.
-In the latest survey found there were 15.57 lakh Muslim OoS children, down from 18.75 lakh in 2009 and 22.53 lakh in 2005.
+''' Details '''
-While states such as Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Delhi, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal witnessed a decline in the OoS children, in 13 states and Union Territories percentage of such children has increased since 2009.
+[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=03_06_2025_009_015_cap_TOI  Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
-These include Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Chhattisgarh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
+[[File: Literacy in India, 2023–24.jpg|Literacy in India, 2023–24 <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=03_06_2025_009_015_cap_TOI  Manash Gohain, June 3, 2025: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
-What dampens the good work of RTE is that the decline in OoS disabled children has followed a different trajectory.
-In 2005, 5.82 lakh disabled children were out of school which went up to 9.88 lakh in 2009 and in the latest round has come down to 6 lakh. Sources said it could be due to inclusion of more kinds of mental and physical disabilities in the list so that RTE becomes more inclusive. But there is a general acknowledgement that a lot needs to be done on this front.
+New Delhi : Mizoram (98.2%), Lakshadweep (97.3%), Kerala (95.3%), Tripura (93.7%) and Goa (93.6%) are the top five States/ UTs registering the highest overall literacy rates in India for persons aged seven years and above, according to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023–24.  The report, released by the National Sample Survey Office under the ministry of statistics and programme implementation, shows that India’s overall literacy rate for this age group stood at 80.9%. For persons aged five years and above, the national literacy rate was 79.7%. The disaggregated literacy data across all states and Union Territories was based on nationally representative sampling.
-==January-July 2014: Dropout level==
+ The PLFS captures detailed literacy data across age groups (5+ and 7+), gender, and rural-urban categories for all states and Union Territories. For persons aged seven and above, male literacy at the national level was 87.2%, while female literacy stood at 74.6%. For the 5+ age group, male literacy was 85.6% and female literacy was 73.7%.
-[http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=11-of-rural-6-of-urban-people-under-06072015010021 ''The Times of India''], Jul 06 2015
-[[File: Dropout level, literacy, rural and urban, age group-wise.jpg|Dropout level, rural and urban, age group-wise; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=11-of-rural-6-of-urban-people-under-06072015010021 ''The Times of India''], Jul 06 2015|frame|500px]]
-Mahendra Singh
-''' `11% of rural, 6% of urban people under 30 never went to schools' '''
+States with the lowest literacy rates in the age 7+ category were Bihar (74.3%), Madhya Pradesh (75.2%), and Rajasthan (75.8%). In the 5+ age group, Bihar again ranked lowest at 73.2%, followed by Madhya Pradesh (73.7%) and Rajasthan
+(74.9%).
-Around 11% of those between 5-29 years of age in rural areas and 6% in urban areas never went to any educational institution, reveals an NSSO survey conducted between January and July , 2014. The students of the same age group who dropped out were around 33% in rural areas and 38% in urban areas.
+ Urban India continues to report higher literacy levels than rural areas. The national urban literacy rate was 88.9% for persons aged seven years and above, compared to 77.5% in rural areas. In states like Madhya Pradesh, the rural literacy rate was 71.6%, while the urban literacy rate stood at 85.7%, marking a gap of over 14 percentage points. Bihar reported a rural literacy rate of 72.1% and urban rate of 83.2%.
-The survey has highlighted that the proportion of dropouts and `never enrolled' students depended on the living standards of households.The dropout rate was low in case of families with higher usually monthly per capita consumer expenditure (UMPCE). It was found that the proportion of the `never enrolled' category fell steeply from nearly 16% in the poorest households to only 6% among the richest in rural areas. In urban India, too, the percentage dropped from 12% to 1% from the bottom to the top class of households.
-The survey found that the proportion of `never enrolled' persons in early 2014 had reduced by around 30% as compared to 2007-08.
+Rajasthan showed a rural literacy rate of 72.5% and an urban literacy rate of 84.7%. These trends reflect similar urban-rural gaps across northern and central states.  The gender gap in literacy remains significant. Nationally, the gap for persons aged seven and above was 12.6 percentage points. Rajasthan had the highest gap at 20.1%, with male literacy at 85.9% and female literacy at 65.8%. In Bihar, the gap was 16.2% (males: 82.3%, females: 66.1%), while in Madhya Pradesh, the difference was 16.1% (males: 83.1%, females: 67.0%).
-However, it noted that the overall picture for proportion of dropouts, both in rural and urban areas, had not changed significantly over time as well as over UMPCE classes.
+In rural areas, gender gaps tend to be wider. Rural Rajasthan had male literacy at 83.6% and female literacy at 61.8%. Rural Bihar reported 81.5% for males and 65% for females. Rural Madhya Pradesh recorded 80% literacy for males and 62.6% for females. In contrast, the gender gap in better-performing states was smaller. In Mizoram, male and female literacy rates were 99.2% and 97%, respectively. In Kerala, the rates were 96.7% for males and 94% for females.
-The survey revealed that the major reason for non-enrolment in rural areas was `not interested in education' (33% male and 27% female) while in urban areas, nearly 33% males and 30% females in the age group 5-29 years never enrolled because of `financial constraints'. The most common reason for dropping out for males was engagement in economic activities (30% in rural areas and 34% in urban areas), whereas for the females, the dominant reason was engagement in domestic activities (33% in rural areas and 23% in urban areas).
+ The PLFS 2023–24 highlights that while overall literacy has improved, regional, gender, and rural-urban disparities remain substantial. These variations are more pronounced in states with large rural and tribal populations, where educational access and outcomes continue to lag behind nationalaverages.
-It noted marriage as second major reason for females (17%) to leave education in urban areas. The survey found that in rural areas, dropouts were mostly in the age-group of 5-15 years for both males and females. In contrast, in urban areas most dropout were in the age-group of 16-24 years.
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Nepal|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|LITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
-=Statistics, state-wise=
+=State-wise=
 ==State-wise literacy, 1951-2001==
 Source: [http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab94.pdf   India Budget.nic.in]
@@ Line 1,461: / Line 1,568: @@
 Source: Office of the Registrar General, India
+==State-wise literacy, 1951==
+<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellpadding=0 style='mso-cellspacing:1.4pt;
+ border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:
+;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>Rank </b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>in 1951</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>State/Union Territory</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>Percentage of literates</b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>1.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Kerala</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>47.18</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>2.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Mizoram</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>31.14</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>3.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>30.30</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>4.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Maharashtra</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>27.91</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>5.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>West Bengal</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>24.61</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>6.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Goa</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>23.48</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>7.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Gujarat</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>21.82</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>8.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Uttarakhand</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>18.93</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>9.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Assam</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>18.53</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>&nbsp;</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>ALL INDIA</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>18.33</b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>10.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Orissa</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>15.80</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>11.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Lakshadweep</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>15.23</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>12.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Bihar</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>13.49</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>13.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Madhya Pradesh</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>13.16</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>14.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Jharkhand</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>12.93</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>15.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Manipur</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>12.57</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>16.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Uttar Pradesh</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>12.02</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>17.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Nagaland</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>10.52</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>18.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Chhattisgarh</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>9.41</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>19.</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>Rajasthan</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>8.5</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <td width=46 valign=top style='width:34.75pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>&nbsp;</p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=206 valign=top style='width:154.55pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>ALL INDIA</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=133 valign=top style='width:99.45pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>18.33</b></p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+<p class=MsoNormal>&nbsp;</p>
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Nepal|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
 ==State-wise literacy, 2011==
 Source: [http://www.census2011.co.in/states.php  Census 2011]
@@ Line 1,474: / Line 1,982: @@
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
    <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
-   normal'><b>State</b></p>
+  normal'><b>Rank in</b></p>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>2011</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+   normal'><b>State/ UT</b></p>
    </td>
    <td width=64 valign=top style='width:47.7pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
@@ Line 1,486: / Line 2,001: @@
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
    <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
-   normal'><b>India</b></p>
+   normal'>1.</p>
    </td>
-  <td width=64 valign=top style='width:47.7pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
-  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
-  normal'><b>74.04</b></p>
-  </td>
- </tr>
- <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,506: / Line 2,014: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>2.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,518: / Line 2,031: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>3.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,530: / Line 2,048: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>4.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,542: / Line 2,065: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>5.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,554: / Line 2,082: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>6.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,566: / Line 2,099: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>7.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,578: / Line 2,116: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>8.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,590: / Line 2,133: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>9.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,602: / Line 2,150: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>10.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,614: / Line 2,167: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>11.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,626: / Line 2,184: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>12.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,638: / Line 2,201: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>13.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,650: / Line 2,218: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>14.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,662: / Line 2,235: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>15.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,674: / Line 2,252: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>16.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,686: / Line 2,269: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>17.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,698: / Line 2,286: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>18.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,710: / Line 2,303: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>19.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,722: / Line 2,320: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>20.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,734: / Line 2,337: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:22'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>21.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,746: / Line 2,354: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:23'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:22'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>22.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,758: / Line 2,371: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:24'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:23'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>23.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,770: / Line 2,388: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:25'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:24'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>24.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,780: / Line 2,403: @@
    <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
    normal'>74.43</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:25'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>&nbsp;</p>
+  </td>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>India</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=64 valign=top style='width:47.7pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>74.04</b></p>
    </td>
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:26'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>25.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,795: / Line 2,440: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:27'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>26.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,807: / Line 2,457: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:28'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>27.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,819: / Line 2,474: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:29'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>28.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,831: / Line 2,491: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:30'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>29.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,843: / Line 2,508: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:31'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>30.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,855: / Line 2,525: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:32'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>31.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,867: / Line 2,542: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:33'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>32.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,879: / Line 2,559: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:34'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>33.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,891: / Line 2,576: @@
   </tr>
   <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:35'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>34.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,902: / Line 2,592: @@
    </td>
   </tr>
-  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:36;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:36'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>35.</p>
+  </td>
    <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
    padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
@@ Line 1,912: / Line 2,607: @@
    <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
    normal'>61.80</p>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:37;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'>&nbsp;</p>
+  </td>
+  <td valign=top style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
+  padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>India</b></p>
+  </td>
+  <td width=64 valign=top style='width:47.7pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
+  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
+  <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
+  normal'><b>74.04</b></p>
    </td>
   </tr>
@@ Line 1,918: / Line 2,630: @@
 <p class=MsoNormal>&nbsp;</p>
-==Kerala==
-[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/move-to-educate-migrant-workers-in-most-literate-state/article9321253.ece ''The Hindu''], November 9, 2016
-'''Move to educate migrant workers in most literate State'''
+== State-wise literacy, 2017-18==
+[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F09%2F07&entity=Ar00123&sk=79979182&mode=text  September 7, 2020: ''The Times of India'']
-Kerala government will teach them to read and write in Hindi and Malayalam, besides creating legal awareness.
+[[File: Literacy rates for those aged 7 or more (%), as in 2017-18..jpg|Literacy rates for those aged 7 or more (%), as in 2017-18. <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F09%2F07&entity=Ar00123&sk=79979182&mode=text  September 7, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
-The sense of alienation that migrant workers in Kerala feel will come down substantively if the efforts of the Kerala State Literacy Mission Authority (KSLMA) prove a success.
+''' At 66%, Andhra’s literacy rate worst, Delhi’s 2nd best at 89%
+Smaller States Do Better Than ‘Developed’ Ones '''
-The KSLMA is all set to launch a social literacy drive to integrate migrant labourers into Kerala society, by imparting reading and writing skills to them and to orient them to the culture of the State. A large majority of the 25 lakh migrant labourers in the State, many of whom hail from North India, are illiterate even in their mother tongue, according to KSLMA. As a result, they are ignorant in legal, health and environmental matters, resulting in poor quality of living as well as exploitation by their employers. This leads to gaps in their social relations with the locals.
-"Our effort is to give them minimum language skill so that they are able to interact better with their hosts," says KSLMA director P.S. Sreekala. The workers, who contribute heavily to the State's development, were being “ostracised.” The literacy programme aimed at solving this issue by teaching them to read and write in Malayalam as well as Hindi, apart from introducing them to the social and cultural features of the State, and creating legal and health-related awareness, she said.
+Which state has a higher literacy rate – Andhra Pradesh or Bihar, Telangana or Assam, Karnataka or Uttarakhand? If you picked the southern state each time, you were completely wrong and by a considerable margin.
+The reality is that Andhra Pradesh’s rate of 66.4% is the worst among all states in India and significantly lower than Bihar’s 70.9%. Similarly, Telangana’s 72.8% is well below the national average of 77.7% while Assam is well above it at 85.9% and Karnataka’s 77.2% pales in comparison to Uttarakhand’s 87.6%, which is bettered only by Kerala and Delhi among the major states and UTs. Data from a report on education released by the National Statistical Office (NSO) reveals these counter-intuitive truths and shows that, at least when it comes to literacy, notions of “developed states” can be misleading.
-KSLMA is initiating three other programmes this year, including a continuing education mission for members of the trans-gender community, an environmental literacy mission and a functional literacy drive, aimed at the coastal areas of Kasaragod, Malappuram and Thiruvananthapuram.
-=Statistics, year-wise=
+''' Gap between male & female literacy smallest in Kerala '''
+The data is for 2017-18 and is for all aged 7 or more. Not all preconceptions are wrong though. Kerala remains by some distance, the best among the major states with a literacy rate of 96.2%. More impressively, the gap between male and female literacy is the smallest in Kerala at just 2.2 percentage points. To put that in context, the gap at the all-India level is 14.4 percentage points with male literacy at 84.7% and female literacy at 70.3%.
+Typically, states with relatively low literacy rates also tend to have the highest gender skews, but that is not always true. Andhra Pradesh, for instance, has a gap between male and female literacy rates of only 13.9 percentage points, while Rajasthan (23.2), Bihar (19.2) and UP (18.4) have pronounced gaps despite having better overall literacy rates.
+The gap between urban and rural literacy rates is of the same order of magnitude as that between males and females. Once again, Kerala has the lowest gap of 1.9 percentage points. At the other end of the spectrum on this count are Telangana, where urban literacy is 23.4 percentage points higher than rural literacy, and Andhra Pradesh, where the difference is 19.2 percentage points. The combined effect of the gender and urban-rural skews means that the difference between urban male literacy and rural female literacy is an alarming 27.2 percentage points at the national level. In individual states, it can be much worse. In Rajasthan, for example, it is 38.5 percentage points (9.1% versus 52.6%) and in Telangana, 38 percentage points (91.7% versus 53.7%). Male urban literacy is under 90% in only four major states and below 85% in none of them.
+In contrast, rural female literacy is above 80% only in Kerala and below 70% in 13 of the 22 major states. In four of these, it is below 60%.
+==Fully literate states==
+===As of 2025===
+[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=24_06_2025_008_015_cap_TOI  June 24, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
+Tripura was declared a fully literate state under ULLAS — Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram (New India Literacy Programme), becoming the third state in the country to achieve this milestone after Mizoram and Goa. The declaration was made by the union ministry of education at a ceremony held at Rabindra Satabarshiki Bhawan in Agartala. The event was attended by CM Manik Saha and officials of the ministry and state education department, among others.
+The announcement marks Tripura attaining the nationally prescribed literacy benchmark of 95% among individuals aged 15 and above. This has happened following two years of intensive implementation of ULLAS in all districts of the state, combining community outreach, digital learning through ULLAS app, and large-scale volunteer participation. In Tripura, the programme engaged thousands of volunteer teachers and learners through door-to-door surveys & literacy sessions. TNN
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+=Year-wise changes=
 ==Literacy in 2006==
 [[File: literacy rate.png| Indian states with the best/ worst literacy dropout rate, 2004-12.   Source: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com//Gallery.aspx?id=11_07_2014_013_037_002&type=P&artUrl=STATE-OF-THE-STATES-11072014013037&eid=31808 The Times of India ]|frame|500px]]
@@ Line 1,951: / Line 2,697: @@
 The countries include Bhutan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan.
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Bhutan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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 ==2011: Literacy rate 74.4%==
@@ Line 1,982: / Line 2,743: @@
 [[File: Youth Literacy Rate as in August 2017.jpg|Youth Literacy Rate as in August 2017; [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/where-india-stands-70/articleshow/60059091.cms The Times of India], August 14, 2017 |frame|500px]]
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+LITERACY: INDIA]]
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+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|LITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Pakistan|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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 =Statistics, India and the world=
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 In India, the average guess among online respondents for internet access is 60% -an overestimation of the true picture of 41 percentage points, the survey added.
+=Community-wise literacy=
+==2018==
+[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F08%2F13&entity=Ar00309&sk=DA584613&mode=text  Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: ''The Times of India'']
+[[File: Literacy rate for Muslims.jpg| From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F08%2F13&entity=Ar00309&sk=DA584613&mode=text  Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Literacy and school-education among the Muslims, SCs and STs, presumably as in 2018..jpg|Literacy and school-education among the Muslims, SCs and STs, presumably as in 2018. <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2020%2F08%2F13&entity=Ar00309&sk=DA584613&mode=text  Atul Thakur, Muslims fare worst on key literacy rates, August 13, 2020: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+A decade and a half after the Sachar Committee highlighted the issue, a report from the National Statistical Office reveals that Muslims are on various yardsticks of academic marginalisation as bad or even worse than SCs and STs.
+It shows that among various social groups, the literacy rate for those aged 7 yrs or more was the highest for “others”, which is non-SC/ST/OBC population, at 91% for men and 81% for women. This proportion declines to 84% for OBC men and 69% for OBC women. For SCs, the ratio was 80.3% for men and 64% for women and for STs 78% for men and 61% for women. Among religious groups, 88% of Christian men and 82% of women were literate, highest proportions for both genders.
+'''Literacy rate of Muslim men is 80.6%'''
+This was followed by Sikhs and Hindus. The literacy rate of 80.6% among Muslim men was equivalent to that for Dalits and marginally higher than the rate among tribals. The literacy rate for Muslim women was higher than Dalit or tribal women, but lower than for women of any other religious group.
+The gross attendance ratio (people attending a level of education as a proportion of the population of the corresponding age group) was the lowest for Muslims among various social and religious groups at all levels of education except above higher secondary, where it was between the rates for Dalits and tribals.
+At the primary level, the GAR of 100 for Muslims was lower than “others”, SCs, STs, OBCs, Sikhs, Christians, and Hindus. At the upper primary level, Muslims were the only community whose GAR was below 90%. At the secondary level, the GAR of 71.9% for Muslims was lower than STs
+(79.8%), SCs and OBCs. Similarly at the higher secondary level, the GAR was lowest for Muslims at 48.3%, well below even the 52.8% for Dalits.
+Above the higher secondary level, the GAR of 14.5% for Muslims was just above 14.4% for tribals but below 17.8% for Dalits. Unlike the tribal population, of which a significant proportion lives in remote areas, Muslims don’t live very far from higher educational institutes and yet the drop out was nearly equal. Muslims also had the highest proportion of youth (age 3-35 years) who had never enrolled in formal educational programmes. About 17% of Muslim men in this age group had never been enrolled for education.
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
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+LITERACY: INDIA]]
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+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+=Literacy-related issues, state-wise=
+==Kerala==
+[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/move-to-educate-migrant-workers-in-most-literate-state/article9321253.ece ''The Hindu''], November 9, 2016
+'''Move to educate migrant workers in most literate State'''
+Kerala government will teach them to read and write in Hindi and Malayalam, besides creating legal awareness.
+The sense of alienation that migrant workers in Kerala feel will come down substantively if the efforts of the Kerala State Literacy Mission Authority (KSLMA) prove a success.
+The KSLMA is all set to launch a social literacy drive to integrate migrant labourers into Kerala society, by imparting reading and writing skills to them and to orient them to the culture of the State. A large majority of the 25 lakh migrant labourers in the State, many of whom hail from North India, are illiterate even in their mother tongue, according to KSLMA. As a result, they are ignorant in legal, health and environmental matters, resulting in poor quality of living as well as exploitation by their employers. This leads to gaps in their social relations with the locals.
+"Our effort is to give them minimum language skill so that they are able to interact better with their hosts," says KSLMA director P.S. Sreekala. The workers, who contribute heavily to the State's development, were being “ostracised.” The literacy programme aimed at solving this issue by teaching them to read and write in Malayalam as well as Hindi, apart from introducing them to the social and cultural features of the State, and creating legal and health-related awareness, she said.
+KSLMA is initiating three other programmes this year, including a continuing education mission for members of the trans-gender community, an environmental literacy mission and a functional literacy drive, aimed at the coastal areas of Kasaragod, Malappuram and Thiruvananthapuram.
+=Women=
+==Age-wise, 2023==
+[[File: Women’s Literacy in India, Age-wise, 2023.jpg| Women’s Literacy in India, Age-wise, 2023 <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=09_12_2024_008_004_cap_TOI  Dec 9, 2024: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+'''See graphic''':
+'' Women’s Literacy in India, Age-wise, 2023 ''
+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:Bangladesh|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+[[Category:India|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
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+LITERACY: INDIA]]
+[[Category:Sri Lanka|LLITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIALITERACY: INDIA
+LITERACY: INDIA]]

Literacy: India

Latest revision as of 19:50, 6 July 2025

Contents

[edit] Statistics (general)

[edit] Adult literacy

[edit] 2024-25: Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Delhi top

[edit] Gender – wise

[edit] 2005-21

[edit] 2005> 16: literacy, gender-wise

[edit] National literacy

[edit] 1951-2011

[edit] 2023-24: 80.9%

[edit] State-wise

[edit] State-wise literacy, 1951-2001

[edit] Notes

[edit] State-wise literacy, 1951

[edit] State-wise literacy, 2011

[edit] State-wise literacy, 2017-18

[edit] Fully literate states

[edit] As of 2025

[edit] Year-wise changes

[edit] Literacy in 2006

[edit] 2011: Literacy rate 74.4%

[edit] 2011: the most and least literate states

[edit] 2017: Literacy rate, youth

[edit] Statistics, India and the world

[edit] 2015: India 2nd most `ignorant' among 33 nations

[edit] Community-wise literacy

[edit] 2018

[edit] Literacy-related issues, state-wise

[edit] Kerala

[edit] Women

[edit] Age-wise, 2023

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