Latest revision as of 17:55, 8 October 2022

Note: National, provincial and district boundaries have changed considerably since 1908. Typically, old states, ‘divisions’ and districts have been broken into smaller units, and many tahsils upgraded to districts. Some units have since been renamed. Therefore, this article is being posted mainly for its historical value.

[edit] Baragaon

Village in the Bihar subdivision of Patna District, Bengal, situated in 25 8' N. and 85 26' E. Population (1901), 597. With the neighbouring village of Begampur, Baragaon contains masses of ruins. It has been identified with Viharagram, on the outskirts of which, more than a thousand years ago, flourished the Nalanda monas- tery, at that time the most magnificent and the most celebrated seat of Buddhist learning in the world. It was here that the Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsiang spent a great portion of his pilgrimage in receiving religious instruction. [Archaeological Survey Reports of India, vol. i, pp. 16-34.]

[edit] History, archaeological excavations

Sandeep Rai & Deepak Lavania, Oct 5, 2022: The Times of India

Meerut/Agra : Baragaon village in Baghpat, which is still called ‘Ravana’ in revenue records, never witnesses the effigy-burning of the 'demon king', nor the celebration of Dussehra.

Archaeological finds confirm the presence of painted greyware pottery here, which is widely associated with the late Vedic period. It is believed that Ravana, after acquiring shakti (power) in the Himalayas lost it in this village after handing it over to a farmer.


Gauri Shankar, chief priest of a temple in the Baghpat village, explained, “Ours is an ancient village. It has always been called Ravana. For generations we have beenhearing a common legend associated with the demon king. He had meditated for years in the Himalayas to get shakti (power). ”


Shankar added: “Ravana did attain it and while returning from the mountains he passed through this village. He handed over the 'shakti' to a farmer. But the farmer, unable to bear the weight of the power, placed it on the ground and the 'shakti' then refused to go further with Ravana. So, he built a temple for Mansa Devi on the very spot where it stands today. ”That the village was first settled a very long time ago remains undisputed. Dr KK Sharma, associate professor, department of history, Multani Mal PG College, Modinagar, told TOI: “During archaeological missions taken up in this village, we found an ample amount of painted greyware pottery, which was in existence in 1,500 BC. So, we can safely say that the village existed much before that. ”
Bisrakh is yet another village in UP's Gautam Budh Nagar where the roughly 5,500 residents don't celebrate Dusshera as, according to legend, Ravana was born here, and so were his two brothers. In Agra, the Saraswat Brahmin community does not burn the effigy of the demon king and, on the contrary, worships him.

[edit] Ashoka’s Pillars..

Shailvee Sharda, January 13, 2020: The Times of India

Archaeologists have noted that Baragaon, located atop the Chunar hill, houses an ancient qyarry that supplied 'pattika' (pillars) used to build the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath and an 80-pillar hall in his palace
From: Shailvee Sharda, January 13, 2020: The Times of India

Baragaon, located atop the Chunar hill, houses an ancient quarry that supplied ‘pattika’ (pillars) used to build the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath and an 80-pillar hall in his palace.
From: Shailvee Sharda, January 13, 2020: The Times of India

Archaeologists have noted that Baragaon, located atop the Chunar hill, houses an ancient quarry that supplied ‘pattika’ (pillars) used to build the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath and an 80-pillar hall in his palace Nestled amid the Vindhya mountain range, a village in Mirzapur might be the holding the secret to the majestic glory of Sarnath’s famous Ashoka pillar.

Archaeologists have noted that Baragaon, located atop the Chunar hill, houses an ancient quarry that supplied ‘pattika’ (pillars) used to build the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath and an 80-pillar hall in his pala

Haunted by the bloodshed in the battle for Kalinga, Emperor Ashoka felt there was a need to define moral principles to create a more just society. The thought inspired him to commission Ashoka Pillars across the Mauryan territory.

Barely five kilometres away from the famous Chunar Fort, Baragaon might have been the place from where stones for the Ashokan Pillars were supplied. “Baragaon, primarily a village of stone cutters, was the ancient quarry from where sections of sandstone were extracted, chiseled and transported to build the (Ashokan) pillars,” said Neeraj K Sinha, superintending archaeologist of Archaeological Survey of India’s (ASI) Sarnath Circle.

“It is believed that Ashoka procured the famous Chunar sandstone from this quarry for his pillars including the Lion Capital in Sarnath.

The stone blocks found in Baragaon bear ancient inscriptions which date back to the third century BC,” reads a UP tourism document on the village.

Sinha added that the quarry also supplied pillars for the hypostyle assembly hall in Ashoka’s Kumrahar Palace in Patna. “References suggest that Baragaon quarry supplied the 80 pillars which were used to build the assembly hall,” Sinha said.

The quarry was a chance discovery by archaeologists PC Pant and Vidula Jayaswal from Banaras Hindu University’s department of ancient Indian history culture and archaeology in the early 1990s.

In her books ‘From Stone Quarry to Sculpting Workshops’ and ‘The Buddhist Landscape of Varanasi’, Jayaswal wrote that she found rocks and heaps of debris around the sandstone beds during her visit to the site.

“On account of appearance, local folk takes and the discovery of epigraphs, it was possible to identify these as abandoned quarries… The paleography of the inscribed blocks suggests that sandstone was being quarried from the hills of Chunar from Mauryan times up to the medieval period,” she wrote.

The team found as many as 452 ancient quarries bearing marks of extraction of stone blocks, debris, undressed, half-dressed and completely dressed cylindrical blocks and records on the rocks in the form of count marks. Bearing inscriptions dating between 3rd century BCE and 13/14th century, the stones can be found lying inside and at the periphery of the quarries.

This little-known treasure might be on its way to oblivion, even before it got its due share of fame, thanks to government apathy.

Anyone who visits the site today will get to see only a few rocks hidden behind bushes. The debris and under the earth cavities from where the stones were probably extracted from serve as a dumping ground. The land is owned by the state forest and is a popular hangout for those looking for some quiet. Local residents said some efforts were taken to acquire the site for restoration, but they were yet to see any of them yield results. “We submitted a proposal to get Baragaon enlisted as a centrally protected site in October 2018,” Sinha said. Sources, however, said that the proposal is stuck between culture and forest ministries.