Revision as of 15:19, 25 October 2015

Dolphins in the Beas/ Harike

For the first time, a dozen dolphins spotted in Beas

Yudhvir Rana, TNN | Sep 9, 2013

The Times of India

The monthly monitoring of the dolphins is conducted jointly by teams of World [Wildlife] Fund for Nature and Harike wildlife sanctuary

AMRITSAR: For the first time, the officials of Harike wildlife sanctuary, 60km from Amritsar, have spotted 12 Indus dolphins, an endangered species, in a single sighting.

Divisional forest officer M Sudhagar told TOI on Sunday that during the monthly monitoring, they spotted a dozen Indus freshwater dolphins in three groups. "With this single sighting, we can estimate that their number could be around two dozen in and around the sanctuary," the officer said.

The monthly monitoring of the dolphins is conducted jointly by teams of World Wide Fund for Nature and Harike wildlife sanctuary.

The endangered freshwater Indus dolphin (Platanista minor) is found only in this stretch of India. Around six years ago, the Harike wildlife sanctuary officials had spotted a pair of freshwater dolphins for the first time in the country at the confluence of Beas and Satluj rivers.

As the word spread, the government had announced to launch a conservation project for dolphins and develop the area as a major tourist spot, but nothing happened till now.

Indus dolphin is one of the world's rarest mammals and most endangered cetaceans.

Karmowal village as tourist destination

Indus dolphin is one of the world's rarest mammals and most endangered cetaceans. Only about 1,100 such unique species exist today in the lower reaches of the Indus in Pakistan. Their number had drastically declined since the construction of dams on the river.

The dolphins were found in the 75km stretch of the Beas, which also includes around 3km stretch of the Harike wildlfe sanctuary. Divisional forest officer M Sudhagar told TOI on Sunda that besides monthly monitoring of dolphins, no project for their conservation or protection had been launched so far.

The officer added that the department had chalked out a plan to develop Karmowal village as a tourist destination by taking some rented accommodation but that project also didn't take wings.

Sources said the state government had not sent any proposal to the Centre in this regard and the government had not shown any interest in declaring the sight as conservation reserve to protect the dolphins. The officer added that the department had chalked out a plan to develop Karmowal village as a tourist destination by taking some rented accommodation but that project also didn't take wings.

Ramganga river: Moradabad

The Times of India

Uday Rana

May 21, 2015

The presence of dolphins, according to experts, is an indication of a river's good health. Going by this yardstick, the health of the Ramganga river has deteriorated sharply over the last decade. Gangetic dolphins, which were a common sight in Moradabad as recently as ten years ago, have disappeared completely from the area's ecosystem.

"Ramganga passes through Moradabad. If you speak to locals they will tell you that dolphins could be seen in the city. They would be regularly spotted jumping out of water. But now they have vanished from the area's ecosystem. Only turtles are left here. They, too, are only at points where the river enters and leaves the town," said Garima Dimri, project manager for rivers, wetlands and water policy with World Wildlife Federation (WWF), India.

Dimri said as human settlements expanded near the river, the habitat for freshwater wildlife shrunk over the last few years. "Moradabad sustains itself almost exclusively on groundwater. This means that residents are drawing water from the river every day. This daily extraction of water has been putting a huge strain on the river, which remains dry and lean for most of the summer anyway," she said.

According to her, the primary reason for the river's poor health is the absence of a sewage treatment plant in the city. "Since there is no sewage treatment facility, nearly all of the city's waste goes into the river. The flow of the river needs to be monitored. Moradabad, also known as the brass city, is a major industrial hub and industrial effluents pollute the river. This makes it extremely difficult for the river to sustain life. Dolphins, like lions and tigers, are an indicative species. Where there are dolphins, the ecosystem is healthy. The fact that dolphins have disappeared means the condition of the river has been deteriorating," Dimri added.

Among other reasons behind the worsening of the river's biodiversity is riverside farming. "The land is obviously very fertile, but excessive farming has shrunk the river. We have spoken to farmers and locals and asked them to become 'Ramganga mitras', or friends of the river. We are trying to help them develop techniques that limit the harm done to the river," Dimri said.

Dr Seema Mahendra, a local conservationist who is also a 'Ramganga mitra', said, "I was born and brought up in Moradabad and I grew up next to the river. My father used to take me to the riverfront and I have seen the river in a healthy state. The bank used to extend over a long distance. Several species, not just dolphins, could be seen in the river. I have seen the condition of the river deteriorate gradually."

However, there is still hope as the administration has acknowledged the problem and joined hands with NGOs in conservation efforts. "We started the Ramganga Bachao Abhiyaan in 2013. The Nagar Nigam, Moradabad Development Authority and Awas Vikas Parishad have adopted waterbodies near the river. We have also started developing water harvesting measures so that the pressure on groundwater is eased. We need to take stronger measures to tackle disposal of plastic e-waste. A sewage treatment plan is also under construction. Work had stopped after a pipe at the site had caved in during the rains a few months ago and three lives were lost in the incident. However, the work has now resumed under a new contractor," Moradabad district magistrate Deepak Agarwal said.

The DM added that conservation efforts need to be streamlined though. "There may be several reasons affecting the health of the river but we have conducted studies to see what the primary cause is. This is to ensure that we prioritize work and make significant inroads in the conservation effort. I am very hopeful that things will improve since people have also realised that something is seriously wrong with the river. This endeavour can only become a success with the people's participation," he said.

Gangetic dolphins: Number doubles, 2012-15

The Times of India, Oct 12 2015

Dolphins in Gangetic plains, India; Graphic courtesy: The Times of India, Oct 12 2015

No. of Gangetic dolphins in UP doubles

The number of Gangetic dolphins has increased in the Ganga and its tributaries. The dolphin census 2015 has counted 1,263 dolphins in Uttar Pradesh against the 671 in 2012. The cenus was conducted between October 5 and October 8 by World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), India, and other voluntary organizations in 3,350 km of the river stretch, including Ganga, Yamuna, Chambal, Gerua, Ghaghra, Ken, Rapti, Sharda, Betwa and Son river.About 21 teams carried out the exercise, surveying 70km of the river stretch every day.

The first `scientific and detailed' census of dolphins in the state was conducted in 2012. In 2005, WWF India had counted 600 dolphins in the state rivers. “The figures are heartening,“ said principal secretary , forest and environment, Sanjiv Saran. The presence of gangetic river dolphin is indicative of a healthy river ecosystem.

The Gangetic dolphin is an endemic fauna of the Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna river systems and is one of the four freshwater dolphins of the world. Developmental activities, like construction of dams and barrages resulting in lean river flows, indiscriminate fishing, heavy siltation of rivers due to deforestation, pollution of the river and habitat destruction over the past few years has caused the distribution range of dolphins to shrink drastically .