Drug addiction: Punjab
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The extent of the damage
The Times of India, Jun 23 2016
Neha Singhal and Sumathi Chandrashekaran
Punjab and impending doom: Drug abuse and related crimes have spread across all districts Theoretically , Punjab is not the state with the largest number of registered cases. It is sandwiched between a marginally-higher Maharashtra (14,622 cases) and a significantly-lower Uttar Pradesh (5,742 cases). But aggregate state-wise cases tell us little about the true impact of drugs in a state.
To understand this better, we delved further into cases registered in administrative districts (as per the 2011 census) all over India under the NDPS Act in 2014. Of the top 15 districts by cases registered, 13 were from Punjab, with Mumbai (Maharashtra) and Ernakulam (Kerala) being the other two. (Mumbai district, with 14,314 cases, is clearly an outlier amongst Indian districts, for various complex reasons not gone into here.) The remaining 7 out of 20 Punjab districts come within the top 40 districts by cases registered. The large spread of cases across the state of Punjab reveals the true extent of the problem: vulnerability to drugs is not restricted to just one or two cities in Punjab; it is a truth that is universal.
The manner in which the NDPS Act is enforced in Punjab is ill-suited to the state, because the law focuses mainly on deterrence and prevention of trafficking. But the problem in Punjab is addiction. Drug use is rampant across Punjab, with abuse of opium, poppy husk, heroin and pharmaceutical drugs being most common. Our analysis of cases from four districts in Punjab (Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Patiala) shows that most people brought before the courts are either users or small peddlers who sell drugs to feed their own habit.
A quick scan of the arrest data of 2014 and 2015 from four police stations in Amritsar reveals that most people are arrested for carrying drugs for personal consumption. For example, of the 72 arrests made by the Chheharta police station in Amritsar for possession of heroin, only six were for carrying commercial quantities. We were also informed by reliable sources that addicts who were inmates of the Amritsar central prison injected themselves with blood from fellow drug-addicted prisoners just so they could get a high.
The drug problem in Punjab is often attributed to a porous Indo-Pak border.Punjab shares a 553 km border with Pakistan, through which heroin is apparently channelled from Afghanistan.But the porous border is a small part of the problem. As one moves further inland, the pattern of drug use changes, but the incidence of drug use remains dangerously high. Police recovered massive quantities of opium (3,822 kg) and poppy husk (4,610 kg) in 2015 from Jalandhar and Ludhiana, respectively.No other state along the same Indo-Pak border boasts of the same magnitude of drugs-related cases.
In 2013 and 2014, when the extent of drug abuse in the state first caught the attention of the national media, a social worker at a de-addiction centre in Punjab told us that the police went on an overdrive to appear to be taking steps to curb trafficking and actively rehabilitate addicts. Apparently , they forcibly took people enrolled for de-addiction, and sent them to rehabilitation camps set up by the government. This move corresponded with a fall in the number of arrests under the NDPS Act between 2014 and 2015.
Burying the problem in the sand is not going to help anyone. A state government focussed only on saving face will be satisfied with knee-jerk reactions, without delving into the true cause of the problem. A Censor Board that prevents the release of a film depicting the truth will only prevent people from appreciating the gravity of the problem, leaving society de-sensitised, ignorant and disinclined to intervene.
