Santal

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This is a collection of articles archived for the excellence of their content.

(From People of India/ National Series Volume VIII. Readers who wish to share additional information/ photographs may please send them as messages to the Facebook community, Indpaedia.com. All information used will be gratefully acknowledged in your name.)

Santal

Synonyms: Hor, Manjhi, Marishi [Bihar and/or Jharkhand] Majhi [Orissa] Hor, Majhi [West Bengal] Kharwar, Safa-Hor, Saontar [H.H. Risley] Subtribes: Bhagalpur and Santal Paragana, Deswali Santal, Kharwar or Safa-Hor in Bengal, Orissa [H.H. Risley] Titles: Buna, Mandal, Pradhan, Sardar, Manjhi [H.H. Risley] Surnames: Baske, Bedes, Besra, Ceral, Hansda, Kisku, Marandi, Membram, Murmu, Pauria, Soren, Tudu [Orissa] Baske, Besra, Chanre, Hansda, Hembrom, Kisku, Marandi, Murmu, Pauria, Soren, Tudu [West Bengal] Baske, Bedes, Besra, Ceral, Hansda, Hembrum, Kisku, Marandi, Murmu, Pavria, Soren, Tudu [Orissa] Baske (state rice), Bede, Bedea, Besra, Chanre, Hansdak, Hembram, Kisku, Kore, Marandi, Murmu, Pauria, Soren, Tudu [West Bengal] Exogamous units/clans (khunt/pari): Bedia, Besra, Bosku, Chorrey (lizard), Hansdak (wild goose), Hembram (betel nut or palm), Kisku, Marandi, Murmu (Nilgai), Pauria (pigeon), Soren, Tudu [Bihar and/or Jharkhand]

• Septs: Abar, Adeb, Aind, Angaria, Bansdeo, Baski, Bediya (sheep), Besera (hawk), Bhagalpur, Chonre, Hansda (wild

grass), Hembaram (betel), Hembrom, Kisku, Marndi (grass), Murmu (Nilgai), Orissa, Pauria, Santal Paragana, Saren, Tudu in Bengal [H.H. Risley]

• Subsepts: Baski: Nij and Sada; Besra: Bundra, Kahu (crow), Kara (buffalo), Nij, Sada, Sibala, Son and Sung; Hansda:

Barwa, Chilbindha (eagle slayer), Jihu (bird), Kerwar, Manjhi-Khil, Naiki-Khil, Nij, Rohlutur (ear pierced) and Sada; Hemrom: Dantela (those who rear pigs), Gua (areea nut), Jahur, Kumar, Laher, Naika-Khil, Nij, Roh-Lu (ear pierced), Uh; Kisku: Abar, Ah, Kachna (tortoise), Lat (bake meat in a leaves platter), Nag (cobra), Nij, Roh-Lutur, Sada, Somal (dear), Marndi: Burn-Birit (of hills), Kekra (crab), Laher, Manjhi-Khil, Niaki-Khil, Nij, Roht (panjaun tree) and Sada; Murmu: Bital, Boar (fish), Chopear, Ganr (fort), Handi (easthern vessel), Muro, Nij, Sada, Sangda, Sikiya (a dain) and Tikka; Saren; Barchi (spearmen), Hat, Jogi, Lat, Mai, Mundu/Bedar (dense jungle), Nij, Sankh (conch shell), Sidup/Siduk (straw bundle) and Tirku; Tudu: Agaria (Charcoal burners), Chigi/Chiki (impale), Dantela (bread pigs with very large tusks for sacrificial purposes), Lat (bake meat in a leaves platter), Manjhi-Khil, Nij-Lutur (ear pierced), Sada and Sung [H.H. Risley] Exogamous units/lineages (khunt): [West Bengal]