South Indian castes/ tribes (numerically small): L
This article is an excerpt from Government Press, Madras |
Ladāf .—Recorded, at the census, 1901, as a synonym of Dūdēkula. A corruption of nad-dāf (a cotton-dresser).
Lādar .—It is noted, in the Mysore Census Report, 1901, that “the Lādars are a class of general merchants, found chiefly in the cities, where they supply all kinds of stores, glass-ware, etc.” I gather that the “Lād or Suryavaunshi Vānis say that they are the children of Surya, the sun. They are said to have come from Benares to Maisur under pressure of famine about 700 years ago. But their caste name seems to show that their former settlement was not in Benares, but in South Gujarāt or Lāt Desh. They are a branch of the Lād community of Maisur, with whom they have social intercourse. They teach their boys to read and write Kanarese, and succeed as traders in grain, cloth, and groceries.”
Lāligonda .—Recorded, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, as Lingāyats, consisting of Canarese-speaking Kāpus or Vakkaligas.
in the commission of crime.
Lampata .—A name, signifying a gallant, returned by some Sānis at times of census.
Landa .—A synonym of Mondi.
Lanka (island).—An exogamous sept of Bōya and Kamma.
Lattikar .—Recorded, at the census, 1901, as a sub-division of Vakkaliga (Okkiliyan) in the Salem district. Latti means a reckless woman, and latvi, an unchaste woman, and the name possibly refers to Vakkaligas who are not true-bred.
Lēkāvali .—A division of Marāthas in the Sandūr State. Many of them are servants in the Rāja’s palace. They are stated, in the Gazetteer of the Bellary district, to be the offspring of irregular unions among other Marāthas.
Lekkala (accounts).—An exogamous sept of Kamma.
Lingadāri .—A general term, meaning one who wears a lingam, for Lingāyat.
Lingakatti .—A name applied to Lingāyat Badagas of the Nīlgiri hills.
Lingam .—A title of Jangams and Sīlavants.
Liyāri .—See Kēvuto.
Lohana —Immigrant traders from the Bombay Presidency. “They state that they take their name from the port of Loha in Sindh, but Burton says that they came from Lohānpur near Multān, and that they were driven south by the Muhammadans. They reverence the Daria Pīr, or the Indus spirit.”
Lohāra .—The Lohāras, Luhāras, or Luhāros, are an Oriya caste of iron-workers, whose name is derived from loha, iron. Luhāra also occurs as an occupational name of a sub-division of Savaras.
Loliya. —A synonym for Jalāri.
Lombo-lanjiā (long tail).—A sub-division of Savaras, which is so called because its members leave, at the buttocks, one end of the long piece of cloth, which they wear round the waist.
Loriya —Recorded, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, as a small class of hill cultivators in the Vizagapatam district. They are said to be a sub-division of Gaudo.
References
1 Historical Sketches of the South of India, Mysore, 1810–17.
2 Mem. Asiat. Soc., Bengal, Miscellanea Ethnographica, I, 1906.
3 Journ. and Proc. Asiatic Society of Bengal, I, No. 9, 1905.
4 Gazetteer of the South Arcot district.
5 Manual of the North Arcot district.
6 Mysore Census Report, 1891, 1901.
7 Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency, XV, Part I, 1883.
8 Hindu Feasts, Fasts and Ceremonies, 1903.
9 Manual of the North Arcot district.
10 Linguistic Survey of India, IX, 1907.
11 From Kashmir to the Madras Presidency.
12 Notes on Criminal Classes of the Madras Presidency.
13 Mysore Census Report, 1891.
14 Ind. Ant. VIII, 1879.
15 Gazetteer of the Bellary district.
16 Narrative of the Operations of Little’s Detachment against Tippoo Sultan, 1794.
17 Shells of Cypræa moneta.
18 S. M. Natesa Sastri, Calcutta Review, 1905.
19 Narrative of a Journey through the Upper Provinces of India, 1844.
20 Hindu Manners, Customs, and Ceremonies.
21 Historical Sketches of the South of India: Mysore.
22 Gazetteer of the Vizagapatam district.
23 Report on Public Instruction, Mysore, 1901–02; and Mysore Census Report, 1891.
24 Manual of the Cuddapah district.
25 Jeypur, Breklum, 1901.
26 Manual of the North Arcot district.
27 Mysore Census Report, 1901.
28 Gazetteer of the Anantapur district.
29 Ind. Ant., VIII., 1879.
30 Ind. Ant., XXX., 1901.
31 Narrative of Little’s Detachment, 1784.
32 Gazetteer of the Vizagapatam district.
33 Madras Census Report, 1891.
34 Section III, Inhabitants, Madras Government Press, 1907.
35 Manual of the North Arcot district.
36 Manual of Mysore and Coorg.
37 Lilly, Renaissance Types.
38 J. F. Fleet, Epigraphia Indica. V, 1898–99.
39 The Proceedings, partly in Canarese and partly in English, were published at the Star Press, Mysore, in 1905.
40 Madras Journal of Literature and Science, XI, 1840.
41 R. Sewell. A Forgotten Empire, Vijayanagar, 1900.
42 Indian Review, May, 1907.
43 Madras Series, VII, 1884.
44 Madras Series, VIII, 1885.
45 Bombay Gazetteer.
