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| | |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%"> | | |colspan="0"|<div style="font-size:100%"> |
| − | This article has been sourced from an authoritative, official <br/>publication. Therefore, it has been ‘locked’ and will never be <br/> thrown open to readers to edit or comment on.<br/> | + | This article has been sourced from an authoritative publications<br/> like The Times of India. Therefore, it has been ‘locked’ and will never be <br/> thrown open to readers to edit or comment on.<br/> |
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| | After the formal launch of their online archival encyclopædia, <br/> readers who wish to update or add further details can do so on <br/> a ‘Part II’ of this article. </div> | | After the formal launch of their online archival encyclopædia, <br/> readers who wish to update or add further details can do so on <br/> a ‘Part II’ of this article. </div> |
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| | [[Category:India|A]] | | [[Category:India|A]] |
| | [[Category:Places|A]] | | [[Category:Places|A]] |
| − | [[Category:Name|Alphabet]] | + | [[File: andhra.png|Andhra minus Telengana: 2013|frame|500px]] |
| − | [[Category:Name|Alphabet]] | + | [[File: andhra2a.png|Andhra minus Telengana: 2013|frame|500px]] |
| − | | + | [[File: andhra4a.png|Andhra minus Telengana: 2013|frame|500px]] |
| − | ==The source of this article==
| + | [[File: andhra3.png|Andhra minus Telengana: 2013|frame|500px]] |
| − | ''' INDIA 2012 '''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | A REFERENCE ANNUAL
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '' Compiled by ''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | RESEARCH, REFERENCE AND TRAINING DIVISION
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | PUBLICATIONS DIVISION
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | =Andhra Pradesh=
| + | |
| − | Area : 2,75,069 sq km Population : 8.32 crores as on 1.3.09;
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 846,65,533 (as per prov.
| + | |
| − | census 2011)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ''' Capital : ''' Hyderabad Principal Languages : Telugu and Urdu
| + | |
| − | ==HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY==
| + | |
| − | The earliest mention of the Andhras is said to be in Aitereya Brahmana (2000 BC). It
| + | |
| − | indicates that the Andhras, originally an Aryan race living in north India migrated
| + | |
| − | to south of the Vindhyas and later mixed with non-Aryans. Regular history of
| + | |
| − | Andhra Desa, according to historians, begins with 236 BC, the year of Ashoka‘s death. | + | |
| − | During the following centuries, Satavahanas, Sakas, Ikshvakus, Eastern Chalukyas, and
| + | |
| − | Kakatiyas ruled the Telugu country. Other dynasties that ruled over the area in
| + | |
| − | succession were the kingdoms of Vijayanagar and Qutub Shahi followed by Mir
| + | |
| − | Qumruddin and his successors, known as the Nizams. Gradually, from the 17th
| + | |
| − | century onwards, the British annexed territories of the Nizam and constituted the
| + | |
| − | single province of Madras. After Independence, Telugu-speaking areas were
| + | |
| − | separated from the composite Madras Presidency and a new Andhra State came
| + | |
| − | into being on 1 October 1953. With the passing of the States Reorganisation Act,
| + | |
| − | 1956, there was a merger of Hyderabad State and Andhra State, and consequently
| + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh came into being on 1 November 1956.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh is historically called the Rice Bowl of India. The state has a
| + | |
| − | large river system which supplements the rainfall in the state. It is one of the few
| + | |
| − | states in the country blessed with riverine geography.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh is bounded on the north by Orissa and Chhattisgarh, on the
| + | |
| − | west by Maharashtra and Karnataka, on the south by Tamil Nadu and on the east
| + | |
| − | by the Bay of Bengal with a coastline of 974 km.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '' Census 2011 is the 15th Census of India since 1872. As the population figures, desnity of population
| + | |
| − | and other related data of census 2011 at present are purely provisional in nature, we have used the
| + | |
| − | census 2001 data. However, wherever possible we have also used the provisional census 2011 for
| + | |
| − | states & UTs as and when it was available to us. Chattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir,
| + | |
| − | Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Orissa (Odisha), Punjab, Sikkim, West Bengal, Daman
| + | |
| − | & Diu. The final population figure is likely to be released by February 2012. ''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==AGRICULTURE==
| + | |
| − | Agriculture is the main occupation of about 62 per cent of the people in Andhra
| + | |
| − | Pradesh. Rice is a major food crop and staple food of the State contributing about
| + | |
| − | 77 per cent of the foodgrain production. Other important crops are jowar, bajra,
| + | |
| − | maize, ragi, small millets, pulses, castor, tobacco, cotton and sugarcane. Forests
| + | |
| − | cover 23 per cent of the State’s area. Important forest products are teak, eucalyptus,
| + | |
| − | cashew, casurina, bamboo, softwood, etc.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The Government is working with a mission of "Sustainable Agriculture
| + | |
| − | Production with minimum cost of cultivation, eventually enhancing the return on
| + | |
| − | income to the farmer." In the process of making the mission a reality, the Government
| + | |
| − | is implementing schemes for the welfare of farmers like 9 hours free power supply,
| + | |
| − | subsidized seed, subsidized interest rate on crop loans, subsidized and quality
| + | |
| − | agricultural inputs etc. Andhra Pradesh occupies the first position in respect of
| + | |
| − | agricultural loans from commercial and cooperative banks.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The debt waiver scheme of Central Government and the incentive scheme of
| + | |
| − | the State Government have helped about one crore farmers in the state to the tune
| + | |
| − | of Rs. 16,000 crore. The Government of Andhra Pradesh is also keen on introducing
| + | |
| − | cooperative farming to set up farm yields.
| + | |
| − | ==IRRIGATION==
| + | |
| − | A total of 86 projects (44 Major+30 Medium+4 Flood Banks+8 Modernisation) have
| + | |
| − | been taken up under Jalayagnam programme, with the aim of completing the ongoing
| + | |
| − | and new projects in a record time to provide immediate irrigation to water starved
| + | |
| − | areas on top priority by mobilizing funds from all possible sources.
| + | |
| − | ==POWER==
| + | |
| − | Important power projects in the State are : the Nagarjunasagar and Neelam Sanjiva
| + | |
| − | Reddy Sagar (Srisailam Hydel Project), Upper Sileru, Lower Sileru, Tungabhadra
| + | |
| − | Hydel projects and Nellore, Ramagundam, Kothagudem, Vijayawada and
| + | |
| − | Muddanur thermal power projects. The Srisailam Hydro Electric project (Right
| + | |
| − | Bank) with an installed capacity of 770 MW and the Srisailam Left Bank HES capacity
| + | |
| − | of 900 MW and the Nagarjunasagar complex with 960 MW are the principal sources
| + | |
| − | of hydel generation. Vijayawada Thermal Power station with an installed capacity
| + | |
| − | of 1,260 MW and Kothagudem Thermal Power station with an installed capacity of
| + | |
| − | 1,220 MW are the main sources of thermal power generation. The 1,000 MW coalbased
| + | |
| − | Simhadri Thermal Power station aims at supplying the entire energy generated
| + | |
| − | to the State.
| + | |
| − | ==INDUSTRIES==
| + | |
| − | The Government of AP is extending various incentives for SSI & Tiny Sector and
| + | |
| − | Large & Medium Scale Industries. The State Government has been promoting the
| + | |
| − | manufacturing sector in a big way by providing concessions in power tariff, allotting
| + | |
| − | land and relaxing labour laws in Special Economic Zones (SEZs). AP has promoted
| + | |
| − | 102 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) of which 64 have been notified by the
| + | |
| − | Government of India. The state has recommended to Government of India for setting
| + | |
| − | up of 59 IT/ITES SEZs, with active private sector participation.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==MINES & GEOLOGY==
| + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh is well known globally for its variety of rocks and minerals and is
| + | |
| − | called Ratna Garbha. Andhra Pradesh has the largest deposits of quality chrysolite
| + | |
| − | asbestos in the country. Other important minerals found in the state are copper ore,
| + | |
| − | manganese, mica, coal and limestone. The Singareni Coal Mines supply coal to the
| + | |
| − | entire south India. The mineral consumption is increasing due to promotion of
| + | |
| − | various industries and manufacture of mineral based products. The state produces
| + | |
| − | about 100 to 110 million tonnes of industrial minerals and 200 million cubic metres
| + | |
| − | of stone and building material. AP stands first in Barytes and Limestone production
| + | |
| − | in the country. The state stands first in value of minor mineral production and second
| + | |
| − | in total value of mineral production in the country contributing about 9 to 10% to
| + | |
| − | the country's mineral value production. The state stands first in mineral revenue
| + | |
| − | among the important Mineral Producing states of the country.
| + | |
| − | ==HOUSING==
| + | |
| − | The Government has introduced an innovative, unique, self financed housing scheme
| + | |
| − | "Rajiv Swagruha" for the moderate income group in the state with an objective that
| + | |
| − | every person with moderate income in the state having no house of his/her own
| + | |
| − | must have a house at affordable cost in the urban/municipal areas in the state. The
| + | |
| − | houses/flats have to be made available to them at prices 25% less than the existing
| + | |
| − | market rates on similar specifications. The construction of housing programme under
| + | |
| − | Rajiv Swagruha is under progress.
| + | |
| − | ==HEALTH==
| + | |
| − | 'Rajiv Arogyasri' is a unique health insurance scheme being implemented in Andhra
| + | |
| − | Pradesh. The scheme enables the poor, suffering from chronic diseases, to undergo
| + | |
| − | treatment costing upto Rs. 2 lakh. All white cardholders can undergo treatment for
| + | |
| − | about 942 diseases. Medical and surgical treatment is provided in 344 corporate,
| + | |
| − | private and Government hospitals free of cost to patients. Aarogyasri scheme is
| + | |
| − | unique in its applicability, since no other state/government agency has provided
| + | |
| − | universal health coverage to the poor for major ailments. The choice of hospital for
| + | |
| − | treatment is with the patient. The entire process from the time of conduct of health
| + | |
| − | camps to the screening, testing, treatment, follow-up and claim for payment is made
| + | |
| − | transparent through online web based processing to prevent any misuse and fraud.
| + | |
| − | This system is motivating more and more Government hospitals to participate in
| + | |
| − | the scheme and utilize the revenue earned to improve facilities to provide quality
| + | |
| − | medical care and thus bring reforms in tertiary medical care. Officials from several
| + | |
| − | states have visited the state and appreciated the scheme.
| + | |
| − | ==INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY==
| + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh has been forging ahead in the sphere of Information Technology. It
| + | |
| − | is ahead of other states in exploiting the opportunities to the hilt. The State
| + | |
| − | Government has introduced many schemes to utilize the maximum number of skilled
| + | |
| − | human resources in the I.T. Sector.
| + | |
| − | ==TRANSPORT==
| + | |
| − | '''Roads : ''' The total R&B road network in the State is 69,051 km as on 31 March 2009,
| + | |
| − | of which, the National Highways passing through Andhra Pradesh constitute 4,472
| + | |
| − | km., the state Highways constitute 10,519 kms. Major District Roads constitute 32,170
| + | |
| − | km and rural roads 21,714 kms. The density with reference to R&B road network in
| + | |
| − | the state is 0.23 km per one sq.km. and 0.86 km per 1000 persons.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ''' Railways:''' Of the railways route covering 5,107 km in Andhra Pradesh, 4,633 km is
| + | |
| − | broad-gauge, 437 km is metre-gauge and 37 km is narrow gauge.
| + | |
| − | ''' Aviation:''' Important airports in the State are located at Shamshabad, Tirupathi and
| + | |
| − | Visakhapatnam. International flights are operated from Shamshabad.
| + | |
| − | ''' Ports:''' There is one major Port at Visakhapatnam under Government of India and
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 13 Non-Major Ports under State Government. Ports offer tremendous potential for
| + | |
| − | development and for the growth of a wide spectrum of maritime activities such as
| + | |
| − | international shipping, coastal shipping, ship repairs, fishing, captive ports for
| + | |
| − | specific industries, all weather ports, tourism and sports, etc.
| + | |
| − | ==TOURIST CENTRES==
| + | |
| − | Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation continues to strive for
| + | |
| − | promotion of new tourism products such as Eco-tourism, Beach-Tourism and Cruise-
| + | |
| − | Tourism. The Corporation currently runs a chain of 52 hotels with 1043 rooms and
| + | |
| − | 2222 beds in prime locations fostering homely ambience. An impressive fleet of 144
| + | |
| − | buses cater to varied tour packages connecting important tourism locations within
| + | |
| − | and outside the state.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Charminar, Salarjung Museum, Golconda Fort in Hyderabad, Thousand Pillar
| + | |
| − | Temple and Fort in Warangal, Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple at
| + | |
| − | Yadagirigutta, Buddha Stupa at Nagarjunakonda, Nagarjuna Sagar, Sri
| + | |
| − | Venkateswara Temple at Tirumala-Tirupathi, Sri Mallikarjunaswamy Temple at
| + | |
| − | Srisailam, Kanaka Durga Temple at Vijayawada, Sri Satyanarayana Swamy Temple
| + | |
| − | at Annavaram, Sri Varaha Narasimha Swamy Temple at Simhachalam, Sri Sita Rama
| + | |
| − | Temple at Bhadrachalam, Araku Valley, Horsley Hills, Nelapattu, etc., are the major
| + | |
| − | tourist attractions in Andhra Pradesh.
| + | |
| − | ==GOVERNMENT==
| + | |
| − | Governor : Shri E.S.L. Narasimhan
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Chief Minister : Shri Kiran Kumar Reddy
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Chief Secretary : Shri S.V. Prasad
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==AREA, POPULATION AND HEADQUARTERS OF DISTRICTS==
| + | |
| − | S.No. District Area Population Headquarters
| + | |
| − | in 000’ sq km 2001 Census
| + | |
| − | 1. Adilabad 16.1 24,88,003 Adilabad
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 2. Ananthapur 19.1 36,40,478 Ananthapur
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 3. Chittoor 15.2 37,45,875 Chittoor
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 4. Kadapa 15.4 26,01,797 Kadapa
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 5. East Godavari 10.8 49,01,420 Kakinada
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 6. Guntur 11.4 44,65,144 Guntur
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 7. Hyderabad 0.2 38,29,753 Hyderabad
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 8. Karimnagar 11.8 34,91,822 Karimnagar
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 9. Khammam 16.0 25,78,927 Khammam
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 10. Krishna 8.7 41,87,841 Machilipatnam
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 11. Kurnool 17.7 35,29,494 Kurnool
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 12. Mahaboobnagar 18.4 35,13,934 Mahaboobnagar
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 13. Medak 9.7 26,70,097 Sangareddy
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 14. Nalgonda 14.2 32,47,982 Nalgonda
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 15. Nellore 13.1 26,68,564 Nellore
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 16. Prakasam 17.6 30,59,423 Ongole
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 17. Nizamabad 8.0 23,45,685 Nizamabad
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 18. Ranga Reddy 7.5 35,75,064 Hyderabad
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 19. Srikakulam 5.8 25,37,593 Srikakulam
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 20. Visakhapatnam 11.2 38,32,336 Visakhapatnam
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 21. Vizianagaram 6.5 22,49,254 Vizianagaram
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 22. Warangal 12.9 32,46,004 Warangal
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | 23. West Godavari 7.7 38,03,517 Eluru
| + | |
