Floods in Chennai
.jpg)
This is a collection of articles archived for the excellence of their content. |
Contents |
December 2015
December 2, 2015: Heaviest rain ever
The Times of India, Dec 03 2015 345mm In A Day Smashes 114-Yr Record
Chennai on 2 Dec 2015 recorded the heaviest-ever rainfall of 294mm and 345mm in the Met office's two observatories here in 24 hours, breaking the previous record of 261mm set in 1901. Level of 2 Dec 2015 was more than half the average rainfall for the entire northeast monsoon and pummelled an already stricken city into submission.
Large swathes of Tamil Nadu remained marooned, leaving over 200 people dead over the past month, with the Met department predicting further downpour over the next 48 hours.
The last time a natural calamity struck the state with such vehemence was the 2004 Asian tsunami. While the death toll was much higher at nearly 8,000, the damage and disruption this time is feared to be on a similar scale.
“The entire southern part of the city is disconnected.There is no public transport running there. Two main bridges there have also been closed and water current is too high for our boats to reach there,“ National Disaster Response Force director-general O P Singh said.
Weather chief meteorologist Mahesh Palawat attributed the heavy rainfall primarily to the El Nino phenomenon.
“Many typhoons were formed in the Pacific Ocean this year due to the warming of the ocean. But the Indian Ocean is cool compared to the Pacific, and the wind carried more moisture, bringing in extreme rainfall,“ said Palawat.
“Not many countries get rainfall in December. It is biting winter or summer, depending upon the continent in which you live. But TN receives most of its rain at this time of the year,“ he added.
Beyond Chennai, the American state of California and the Caribbean islands are the ones which receive rainfall in December, but the intensity is lower than what the Tamil Nadu capital has experienced since the start of December in 2015.
Runoff water management
The Times of India, Dec 04 2015
Runoff water management new mantra for planners
The increasing frequency of intense rainfall as witnessed in Chennai is changing traditional approaches to drainage with “retention and detention“ strategies that reduce peak flows and encourage local storage finding increasing favour with urban planners. Though the 347 mm rain -in contrast to the more usual 53 mm -that inundated Chennai in the past six days can challenge most sewage and drainage systems, mapping the urban needs of an area can help reduce pressure on the drainage system during normal rainfall and well as during surges. The traditional approach to drainage aims to remove water as quickly as possible from the point of collection but this can prove counter-productive during intense rainfall and in areas that might get wetter due to the effects of climate change.
Countries such as Singapore that have geared their water collection to harvest as much of the runoff as possible are moving to reduce peak flows by as much as 55% by using detention tanks. The city state's active, beautiful, clean (ABC) waters programme looks to both store and treat water near locations such as residential areas and parks. Newer constructions are encouraged to harvest water for local use such as cleaning, gardening and air cooling.
Storm water is channeled through parks that use natural media to filter water on its way to collection tanks and eventually reservoirs. This process is, of course, dependent on strong separation of sewage and drainage which is absent in most Indian cities. But the Chennai experience can give a major push to such solutions that find mention in the smart cities and the Atal mission for urban rejuvenation and urban transformation (AMRUT) programmes.
Corruption-free relief disbursal
The Times of India Jan 10 2016
Sivakumar B
Relief disbursal after a disaster is usually a bigger disaster. But TN may have shown the way with what is probably India's fastest and most transparent distribution of compensation
A little over a month after her makeshift house on the banks of the Adyarriver in Chennai was washed away on De cember 2, 2015, Sahaya Mary was puzzled by an SMS from her bank informing her that Rs 5,000 had been credited to her account.
The 30-year-old had no clue where the money had come from and headed to her bank on January 5 to check. She was told that her account had a balance of Rs 5,700 -the additional Rs 5,000 was flood relief from the government. Mary's family were also victims of the 2004 tsunami and her fisherman father lost his boat to the giant waves, but they'd waited months for the relief money then.
“In 2004, the compensation was distributed by party cadres and we did not get the full relief money sanctioned by the government,“ says Mary , a homemaker with a school-going son.“The other option was going to the tahsildar's office and standing in long queues for three days to get the money . This time, it was a surprise to get Rs 5,000 so quickly ,“ said Mary .
It's not just the beneficiaries who are surprised by the quick and hassle-free disbursement of cash --though it is a tad slower than the pace at which AIADMK cadre printed and distributed Amma stickers when relief material was sent out. Even the opposition parties -who criticized the mismanagement of water release from the Chembarambakkam reservoir, which caused the flash floods -were impressed by the government's decision to credit the relief directly into victims' bank accounts. The move cut out middlemen and erased the corruption that was rampant during tsunami relief work a little over a decade ago. In the first week of December 2015, water from the swelling rivers entered homes in several parts of south Chennai, including Nandambakkam, Saidapet, Mudichur, Nandanam and Kotturpuram. On January 4, 2016, the government transferred Rs 700 crore into bank accounts of 14 lakh families in Chennai, Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur and Cuddalore districts. This is perhaps the speediest disbursal of compensation in the country . Around 25.5 lakh households in four districts in Tamil Nadu were affected by the floods. The other households are likely to get the money on January 11.
Tamil Nadu's high banking penetration has helped the government transact with ease -87% of households in Tamil Nadu have bank accounts, and in urban areas like Chennai all families have one or more bank accounts in public or private banks. “Nearly 80% of the affected households in the four districts had bank accounts. We opened accounts for the remaining 5.1 lakh households under the Pradhan Mantri Jan DhanYojana,“ said a senior government official.
It's a model that other states that are affected by natural calamities could emulate. In Odisha, for example, which has been hit by floods or drought every year, victims get relief only through taluk offices. “We send a cheque to the district collector and then money is sent to each and every taluk. The victims have to go to the taluk offices and collect relief,“ said an official of Odisha Disaster Management Authority . All donations to the chief minister's relief fund in Odisha are done through banks.“We ask all donors to deposit the money into the chief minister's relief fund account and then disburse the money via cheques to the collectors,“ explained the official.
The AIADMK government has moved fast and its relief efforts as well as its work to check the outbreak of epidemics have come in for praise from Central teams, but whether the victims were really soothed will only be known after the elections later in the year.
