Brahmani

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This article has been extracted from THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA , 1908. OXFORD, AT THE CLARENDON PRESS.

Note: National, provincial and district boundaries have changed considerably since 1908. Typically, old states, ‘divisions’ and districts have been broken into smaller units, and many tahsils upgraded to districts. Some units have since been renamed. Therefore, this article is being posted mainly for its historical value.

Brahmani

River of Bengal, formed by the junction of the South Koel and the Sankh rivers in Gangpur State, Orissa, in 22° 15' N. and 84° 47" E. The united stream, assuming the name of Brahmani, passes through the Orissa Tributary States of Bonai, Talcher, and Dhenkanal, and enters Cuttack District near Garh Balarampur. It then follows a very winding easterly course, and reaches the Bay of Bengal by two mouths, the Dhamra estuary and the Maipara river, in 20° 47' N. and 86° 58' E., after a length of 260 miles. The principal branch of the Brahmani is the Kimiria, which takes off on its right bank opposite Rajendrapur village in Cuttack District, and, after mixing its waters with the Genguti, Kelo, and Birupa (the last an offshoot of the Mahanadi), falls again into the parent stream at Indpur under the name of the Birupa.

As it approaches the sea the Brahmani receives on its left bank the Kharsua, and a short distance below this point its waters unite with those of the Baitarani, forming the Dhamra. The confluence of the South Koel and the Sankh, which marks the point of origin of the Brahmani, is the prettiest spot in Gangpur State, and is said by local tradition to be the scene of the amour of the sage Parasara with the fisherman's daughter Matsya Gandha, who became the mother of Vyasa, the reputed compiler of the Vedas and the Mahabharata. The Brahmani is crossed by the Orissa High-level Canal, which derives from it a portion of its water-supply, and is spanned by a fine bridge on the Bengal-Nagpur Railway.