Gatka: Punjab
This is a collection of articles archived for the excellence of their content. |
Contents |
History
The Hindu, June 29, 2016
Ayushi Ahluwalia
Gatka, which originated around the 17th Century in Punjab, has taken up more than one meaning in the modern world. One of these is to keep the community and the tradition relevant.
Attempts to revive
Ustaad Jathedar Prithvi Pal Singh, a member of the Delhi Gatka Federation which also runs the akhada in East Vinod Nagar, said: “The communities that forget their customs and traditions eventually come to an end and become history. One of our primary aims is to take care of the rich tradition that we have inherited.”
Self-defence
The training gains more importance as a means of self-defence in a city like Delhi, where crimes against women are rampant.
One of the efforts while keeping the glory of the art alive has been to make it all inclusive. During Mr. Prithvi Pal Singh’s training sessions, one cannot tell whether the children belong to various faiths or not due to the uniform dress code and accessories. He said the only things the form doesn’t allow are drugs, alcohol and cigarettes. One of the strictest rules for gatka has been that those who practise this live a clean and disciplined life.
Members of the local Sikh community explained that they took the onus to not just make their daughters strong, but also discipline the boys.
“It gives a sense of independence, self-reliance and confidence, especially among our girls. Our daughters can go out at midnight fearlessly because they have the skills to protect themselves. It’s not just physical agility, but mental strength that makes them capable of self-defence. One look at the kripan and no one will dare to touch them,” said local elder Mahendra Singh.
He added: “The martial art trains in such a way that one is able to use any and every object available in a given situation. The learning takes place in such a way that anything that comes in their hand becomes a shastra [weapon].”
Mr. Prithvi Pal Singh explained the reason behind so many akhadas in places like Canada, the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom.
All-inclusive
“Many of our children who learnt it here went abroad for higher education. They had the sincere yearning to spread and share the wisdom of this shastra vidya . We have gatka in all schools affiliated to the Delhi Sikh Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee, but would like to request the Delhi government to incorporate this traditional martial art in all schools in the Capital. It is an all-inclusive practice that will only instil a sense of independence and self-confidence in the children. More importantly, we have a good number of gatka coaches ready to give training.”
Recognition as a national sport/ 2016
‘Gatka’, a traditional martial art form, that is historically associated with the Sikh gurus and is popular among the masses, is now being recognised as a sport nationwide.
The form which was earlier confined to gurudwaras, nagar Kirtans and Akharas, finds presence in the sports category after the formation of Gatka federation of India (GFI) in 2008
‘Gatka’, a traditional martial art form, that is historically associated with the Sikh gurus and is popular among the masses, is now being recognised as a sport nationwide. The form which was earlier confined to gurudwaras, nagar kirtans and akharas, finds presence in the sports category after the formation of Gatka Federation of India (GFI) in 2008 and is now played by trained Gatka players at the national level.
General Secretary of GFI and one of its founding members Baljinder Singh Toor, while sharing history of Gatka, says, “It is believed to have originated when sixth Sikh guru Hargobind adopted ‘Kirpan’ for self defense during Mughal era and tenth Guru Gobind Singh made it compulsory for everyone to use the weapons for self defense.” He adds, “It was only in 2008 after the formation of the Federation, that proper rules for the game were formulated and now it is considered a sport.” Now not just the Sikh youths but all sportsmen from the country can participate in the sport.
This is an achievement indeed and a fine upgrading of a medieval martial art into a sport. Now it is played at All India university level, college level and is a part of national school games which has helped in its re invention. It is played today at as a sport nationwide at the school, college and university levels and this process has helped in its re-invention. Toor says, “Earlier, some four or five teams would gather at small competitions and rest of the time would be lost squabbling over rules because each team had different rules”.
HS Bhullar, president, GFI, says, “A move forward in this direction came when the Punjab government enlisted Gatka game in the gradation list of recognised sports enlisted in the state sports policy. This has ensured the longevity of a medieval martial art.” Besides, this move entitled the players to avail all facilities being provided to other games and players, including reservation of three percent quota in all posts and admissions.
Before this upgrading, a number of stunts and gimmicks had entered the martial art which do not find place in the rules of the game as of now. “The stunts that crept into Gatka later were never originally the part of this art which is essentially a form of self defense and did not justify eating glass or other such dangerous antics.”
Dilip Kumar, an official from UP Gatka Federation, says “I liked Gatka so much that I took lessons from one of the players at Amritsar. I realized that this art form was for self defense, and now I dream of making it a part of the Olympics.” Solanki Himanshu Nathala, a coach from Gujarat who is now associated with the game since five years is now gearing up for the Gujarat State Gatka Championship.
With a desire to see traditional Punjabi martial arts ‘Gatka’ at the world level, Gatka Federation of India is going to form a team of around 35 Gatka players that will who will hold a display at world sports events. “We are not preparing the team to make them compete at world level but to make art turned sport popular internationally,” says Toor.
Varsity diploma in Gatka
Although there are several academies in Punjab that teach Gatka but the Punjabi University, Patiala, offers a recognised diploma course to learn it. It was started in 2013. Eligibility for a student to get enrolled for the diploma course is graduation in any stream.
The university takes a fees of Rs 25000 of which 75 percent is given by an NGO ‘Sarbat da Bhala’ and remaining 25 is given by the players themselves.
International acclaim
Baisakhi in Britain/ 2017
Vidya Ram, May 13, 2017: The Hindu
This spectacular event could well mark a shift in relations between India and Britain’s Sikhs
On a sunny, windy day in a large sports field in northwest London a troupe of Gatka artists from the Akal Sahai school in South London—young and old, male and female—came together for a striking performance whirling swords, sticks, shields and spiked iron balls.
This was part of the Baisakhi celebrations, organised by the Indian High Commission to mark the 350th birth anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh. While large Baisakhi celebrations are nothing new to Britain, this event, which drew an estimated crowd of 18,000, and included performances by Jasbir Jassi, and bhangra musician Channi Singh, brought together 13 gurudwaras from across London as well as community organisations. It marked a potentially significant shift in relations between India and Britain’s Sikh community.
Reaching out
Relations have not always been easy since the army operation that cleared the Golden Temple complex in Amritsar of Sikh militants more than 30 years ago and in 2015 a ‘Sikh Lives Matter’ demonstration outside the High Commission turned violent. Since then efforts have been made to normalise relations, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi meeting with some leaders of the Sikh community later that year during his visit to London. High Commissioner Y.K. Sinha wore a saffron turban and told the crowd the event would become an annual event.
The High Commission’s decision to reach out to gurudwaras across the political spectrum seems to have been welcomed by those within the community who have, to date, had limited contact with it. Inderpal Singh Malhi of the Singh Sabha in Barking, East London—which helped organise many of the events, including kabaddi matches and langar at the event—said that it had been the first time that the High Commission had reached out to its community in the way that it had. “This is a very positive step, a good effort…we hope it can help unite the community,” he said.
The event also included gurudwaras from other communities, including the influential Guru Nanak Darbar from Southall, set up by Afghani Sikhs, whose pavilion attracted a steady stream of visitors for hot pakoras. Standing by was one of its leaders, Rajinder Singh Soni, who said he was hopeful that the initiative would continue to help build relations within the community that had been fragmented to date.
‘Invisible’
Britain’s Sikh community is around 4,32,000 strong (or around 0.7% of the British population) according to the most recent census, but continues to face discrimination, with a U.K. Sikh Survey last year warning that the community was “invisible” to decision makers and politicians, despite the fact that one in seven had faced workplace discrimination and an even higher percentage had faced discrimination in public places.
A large community
“It’s very significant bringing all the communities together—this can help it address issues of confidence and the myths some people have about certain professions… We hope we can build confidence and improve numbers in different professions and that we can get the message out there that there are people willing to address concerns,” said Inspector Surinderjit Mahal of the Metropolitan Police, which also participated in the event, along with the Army.
“Our community has sometimes been fragmented along the lines of ethnicity, religion or state so we’ve not always been able to reap the benefits of being such a large community,” said Dinesh Patnaik, Deputy High Commissioner in London. “We may have different issues that we take up but there will always be a number of fundamental issues—trade, immigration—that affect all of us and if we can get together that will be a big thing.”
