Hsenwi, South
This article has been extracted from THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA , 1908. OXFORD, AT THE CLARENDON PRESS. |
Note: National, provincial and district boundaries have changed considerably since 1908. Typically, old states, ‘divisions’ and districts have been broken into smaller units, and many tahsils upgraded to districts. Some units have since been renamed. Therefore, this article is being posted mainly for its historical value.
Hsenwi, South
(Burmese,Theinni). — A Northern Shan State Burma, lying between 22"^ 4' and 23° \' N. and 97^^ 43' and 98"^ 39' E., with an area of 2,400 square miles. It is bounded on the north by North Hsenwi ; on the south by Manglon and the Southern Shan State of Kehsi Mansam ; on the east by the Salween, the Wa States, and West Manglon ; and on the west by Hsipaw and North Hsenwi. The State is practically bisected by The huge upland mass of Loi Leng and the spurs extending south from it. Apart from this, it consists of broken hilly country or open rolling downs, the latter chiefly in the east of the State. It is watered by numerous streams, the most important being the Nam Pang, a tributary of the Salween.
The cultivation consists of taungyas and level rice-fields in about equal proportions. Besides rice, cotton, sugar-cane, and a little poppy are grown on the hill-slopes ; and there are gardens in each village. The histor}' of the State has been narrated in the article on Hsenwi, North. The population in 1901 was 67,836, distributed in 961 villages. The predominant race is the Shan, numbering 60,169. In the more hilly tracts are Kachins and Palaungs, numbering 2,320 and 2,568 respectively; and a number of Chinese villages contain altogether 1,406 inhabitants. The rest of the population consists of Burmans, Lisaws, and ^\'as. (_)n a tributary of the Nam Pang, in the east of the State, is Tangyan, the head-quarlers of the Assistant Superintendent in charge of South Hsenwi and Manglon. The capital is Mongyai (population, 579), situated in a fertile plain in the south-west. The revenue in 1903-4 amounted to Rs. 71,000 (entirely thathamedd). Of this sum Rs. 20,000 was paid as tribute to the British Government, Rs. 19,000 went towards administration and salaries, Rs. 18,000 to the privy purse, and Rs. 14,000 towards public works.
